Energy budget of the grain mite,Acarus siro (Acari: Acaridae)

Szlendak, Ewa; Kraszpulski, Piotr

doi:10.1007/bf01198652

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Third, the animals (and probably also the eggs) can be immersed for over two days in water or mineral oil without a detectable decrease in viability (Davis and Moon, 1987;Witalifiski, unpublished) what indicates their rather low gas-exchange requirements. Recent results of Szlendak and Kraszpulski (1991) demonstrating that the me/abolic rate and oxygen consumption in A. siro eggs are nearly two times lower than in adults support such conclusion. Finally, Callaini's and Mazzini's explanation of exochorion role in the genus Tyrophagus seems unlikely since eggs with an extremely elaborate exochorion (T. perniciosus) do not show any antiwetting properties and, moreover, the air is not conserved either on the egg surface or even in the spaces under locular chambers, as indicated in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Egg shells in mites: vitelline envelope and chorion in Acaridida (Acari)

Witaliński

1993

Exp Appl Acarol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Witalifiski, W., 1993. Egg shells in mites: vitelline envelope and chorion in Acaridida (Acari). Exp.Appl. Acarol., 17: 321-.344.This study deals with the formation of vitelline envelope (VE) and chonon compartments in several free living and parasitic acaridid mites. In all investigated mites, the VE is of primary origin (produced by oocyte itself), whereas exochorion material is of tertiary, origin (oviduct or chorion gland .secretion).In acarid mites Acarus siro and Tyrophagus perniciosus, VE formation starts with the oviductal oocytes in which vitellogenesis already proceeds. It is characterized by stratification (Acarus) or coarse fibrillar texture (Tyrophag~). Oocyte microvilli penetrating VE material were not observed. When the vitellogenesis terminates, VE becomes homogeneous and is transformed into chorion. This is the only layer protecting the deposited egg in A. siro, whereas in T. perniciosus the chorion-coated eggs passing through the distal portion of the oviduct are additionally covered by exochorion material deposited in three distinct forms: dense patches, granules, and most conspicuous tocular chambers.In Tyrophagus longior, the egg surface closely resembles that of T. perniciosus, but the locular chambers are smaller. In Aleuroglyphus ovatus the exochorion material forms tiny spherical patches instead of locnlar chambers.In Sarcoptes scabiei, Notoedres cati and Falculifer rostratus, flocculent VE appears on vitellogenic oocytes in the oviduct. VE development is characterized by formation of numerous lenticular perivitelline spaces, which initially grow to disappear later. Then VE material transforms into fully homogeneous chorion. Chorion glands in Sarcoptes and Notoedres produce multivesicular secretory bodies; their content is released onto the egg surface to form a vesicular monolayer (exochorion) during the egg passage. The chorion gland in Falculifer is composed of two secretory cell types. Its secretion possibly glues the eggs to the host feather barb during highly ordered deposition, and forms the appendage ending with a fibbed plate, here considered to be a print of female undulate lamina acting as an ovipositor. The hatching suture is present. Neither distinct micropyle nor aeropyles have been found in eggs of species under study.The exochorion is proposed to be an adhesive layer which fixes the eggs to the substratum. The same role plays the chorion gland secretion in F. rostrat~. It can be argued, however, that locular chambers of Tyrophagus exochorion may participate in reduction of water loss rather than in egg adherence or plastron respiration, as previously suggested in the literature.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Egg shells in mites: vitelline envelope and chorion in Acaridida (Acari)

Witaliński

1993

Exp Appl Acarol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, the higher acaricidal activity in our results on adult T. urticae might be related to desiccation. However, action by interference with respiratory processes cannot be discarded, since the metabolic rate and oxygen consumption is less in eggs than in adults, which could reduce the rate of egg mortality, as reported in Acarus siro L. (Szlendak and Kraszpulski 1991). Our current data are a first step in unraveling the complex mechanism of action of these monoterpenes on the twospotted spider mite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Acaricidal and quantitative structure activity relationship of monoterpenes against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The acaricidal activity of 12 monoterpenes against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, was examined using fumigation and direct contact application methods. Cuminaldehyde and (-)-linalool showed the highest fumigant toxicity with LC(50) = 0.31 and 0.56 mg/l, respectively. The other monoterpenes exhibited a strong fumigant toxicity, the LC(50) values ranging from 1.28 to 8.09 mg/l, except camphene, which was the least effective (LC(50) = 61.45 mg/l). Based on contact activity, the results were rather different: menthol displayed the highest acaricidal activity (LC(50) = 128.53 mg/l) followed by thymol (172.0 mg/l), geraniol (219.69 mg/l) and (-)-limonene (255.44 mg/l); 1-8-cineole, cuminaldehyde and (-)-linalool showed moderate toxicity. At 125 mg/l, (-)-Limonene and (-)-carvone caused the highest egg mortality among the tested compounds (70.6 and 66.9% mortality, respectively). In addition, the effect of molecular descriptors was also analyzed using the quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) procedure. The QSAR model showed excellent agreement between the estimated and experimentally measured toxicity parameter (LC(50)) for the tested monoterpenes and the fumigant activity increased significantly with the vapor pressure. Comparing the results of the fumigant and contact toxicity assays of monoterpenes against T. urticae with the results of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effect revealed that some of the tested compounds showed a strong acaricidal activity and a potent AChE inhibitory activity, such as cuminaldehyde, (-)-linalool, (-)-limonene and menthol. However, other compounds such as (-)-carvone revealed a strong fumigant activity but a weak AChE inhibitory activity.

show abstract

“…Adult male longevity followed similar trend but being shorter than that of female except in the case of feeding on nematode egg masses (Table, 2). Szlendak and Boczek (1992) showed that males of Acarus siro L. lived longer than females, since Walia and Mathur (1998) reported that T. putrescentiae female laid an average of 171.40 eggs when reared on juveniles of the root knot nematode, M. javanica.. Chmielewski (2000) recorded that mean total deposited eggs per female of C. berlesei was 221.70 when reared on bee-bread whereas in 2003, he found that its fecundity averaged 237.4 eggs when reared on buckwheat sprouts.…”

Section: Adult Stagementioning

confidence: 99%