Energy Balanced Interference Aware Energy Efficient Depth Base Routing Protocol for UWSNs

Maqsood, Hammad; Javaid, Nadeem; Zain-ul-Abidin, Muhammad; Ejaz, Mudassir; Muhammad, .; Shakeel, Usman

doi:10.1109/bwcca.2015.85

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Maqsood et al 23 presented a hybrid GA to maximize the routing protocol, which encrypts the pathways as genetic material and introduces unique mutation and crossover procedures for recognizing the best possible topology. Furthermore, the fitness function has been created by considering the network’s energy usage, long delay, and bandwidth utilization.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A depth-controlled and energy-efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks

Lilhore¹,

Khalaf

Simaiya

et al. 2022

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Underwater wireless sensor network attracted massive attention from researchers. In underwater wireless sensor network, many sensor nodes are distributed at different depths in the sea. Due to its complex nature, updating their location or adding new devices is pretty challenging. Due to the constraints on energy storage of underwater wireless sensor network end devices and the complexity of repairing or recharging the device underwater, this is highly significant to strengthen the energy performance of underwater wireless sensor network. An imbalance in power consumption can cause poor performance and a limited network lifetime. To overcome these issues, we propose a depth controlled with energy-balanced routing protocol, which will be able to adjust the depth of lower energy nodes and be able to swap the lower energy nodes with higher energy nodes to ensure consistent energy utilization. The proposed energy-efficient routing protocol is based on an enhanced genetic algorithm and data fusion technique. In the proposed energy-efficient routing protocol, an existing genetic algorithm is enhanced by adding an encoding strategy, a crossover procedure, and an improved mutation operation that helps determine the nodes. The proposed model also utilized an enhanced back propagation neural network for data fusion operation, which is based on multi-hop system and also operates a highly optimized momentum technique, which helps to choose only optimum energy nodes and avoid duplicate selections that help to improve the overall energy and further reduce the quantity of data transmission. In the proposed energy-efficient routing protocol, an enhanced cluster head node is used to select a strategy that can analyze the remaining energy and directions of each participating node. In the simulation, the proposed model achieves 86.7% packet delivery ratio, 12.6% energy consumption, and 10.5% packet drop ratio over existing depth-based routing and energy-efficient depth-based routing methods for underwater wireless sensor network.

show abstract

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A depth-controlled and energy-efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks

Lilhore¹,

Khalaf

Simaiya

et al. 2022

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ocean has time-varying link properties and severe noise [5], which make the underwater networks more challenging to have an optimal data transmission. Water has absorbing properties for radio waves so U-WSNs use acoustic signals [6], which provide optimal performance [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Effective Cooperative and Reliable Delivery Routing Protocols for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Underwater deployed sensors nodes are energy-constrained. Therefore, energy efficiency becomes crucial in underwater wireless sensor networks (U-WSNs). The adverse channel corrupts the packets and challenges their reliability. To handle these challenges, two routing schemes are introduced in this paper. They are effective energy and reliable delivery (EERD) and cooperative effective energy and reliable delivery (CoEERD). In EERD, the packets follow single-path routing and the best forwarder node is selected using a weight function such that packets are transferred via the reliable paths with low energy usage. Packet transfer via a single route in EERD has, however, compromised reliability as the undersea links bear harshness and unpredictability. Therefore, the CoEERD scheme adds cooperative routing to EERD, in which a relay node is introduced between a source–destination pair. The destination requests the relay when the packets it gets from the source are corrupted beyond a threshold value. Selection of weight function is unique and considers many factors to ensure low energy usage with reliability while considering nodes for data transfer. This also helps in selecting a single relay node rather than many relays in the conventional cooperative routing model. Based on simulation results, the EERD and CoEERD protocols have improved performance in energy usage, reliable packet transfer and delay.

show abstract

“…The limited power is supplied to underwater networks and it requires much effort to change or recharge the battery [10]. Therefore, plenty of energy efficient protocols without cooperation are proposed to minimize the energy usage, but the PDR is reduced [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization Free Energy Efficient and Cooperative Routing Protocols for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mitigation of channel unfavorable circumstances during data routing in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) has utmost significance. It guarantees saving packet corruption along unfavorable channels so that vital data is not lost or become meaningless. This paper proposes two routing protocols for UWSNs: localization free energy efficient routing (LFEER) and its improved version, localization free energy efficient cooperative routing (Co-LFEER). The LFEER makes decision of choosing a relay based on its maximum residual energy, number of hops and the bit error rate of the link over which packets are transmitted. These metrics are chosen to save packets from corruption to the maximum limit and maintain stable paths (where nodes do not die soon). Since a single link is used in the LFEER for packets forwarding, the link may become worse with changing circumstances of the channel. To deal with this issue, cooperative routing is added to the LFFER to construct the Co-LFEER protocol, in which some copies of packets are received by destination to decide about packets quality. Converse to some prevalent protocols, both LFEER and Co-LFEER are independent of knowing the sensor nodes’ positions, which increases computational complexity and wasteful utilization of resources. Based on extensive simulations, the proposed schemes are better than Co-DBR in reducing energy utilization and advancing packets to the desired destination.

show abstract

Energy Balanced Interference Aware Energy Efficient Depth Base Routing Protocol for UWSNs

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

A depth-controlled and energy-efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks

A depth-controlled and energy-efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks

Energy-Effective Cooperative and Reliable Delivery Routing Protocols for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Localization Free Energy Efficient and Cooperative Routing Protocols for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About