Energy Balance Calculation with Life Cycle Assessment for Production of Palm Biodiesel in Indonesia

Abstract

Energy balance analysis study for the production process of biodiesel needs to be done to find out whether a production process of biodiesel activity has a surplus energy or minus energy. This study aims to analyse the balance of energy of the plantation of palm, production of palm oil, and production process units of biodiesel with the life cycle assessment in Banyuasin - Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that the largest energy input in the plantation of palm, production of palm oil, and production process units of biodiesel sequentially is the use of urea as N-fertilizer, electricity, and methanol. The value of NEB and NER in the production process of palm biodiesel sequentially is 5871 MJ and 1.17. Finally, the production process of palm biodiesel in Banyuasin area has a positive energy balance. The activity of production of palm biodiesel is proper to operate because it produces an energy surplus.

Study of Carbon Emissions in the Use of Fossil and Renewable Energy to Respond to the Urgency of a Sustainable Energy Transition in Indonesia’s Group of Twenty (G20) Presidency: A Short Communication

“…The industrial activities and facilities that produce electricity, namely methanol factories, urea factories, and steam energy plants, continue to use coal as a fuel that can generate carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) [10][11][12][13][14].…”

“…Transportation in the industry, such as vehicles, likewise is contributing to rising emissions of CO2 due to diesel is utilised [11,15,16]. Fig.…”

Assessing the Environmental Performance of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production in Indonesia: A Life Cycle Assessment Approach

“…In this study, we used the SimaPro 9.0.0.49 faculty version software (the latest version at the time) and the Ecoinvent 3 database [38]. The main goal was to study the environmental performance and identify the main environmental hotspots of first-generation (palm oil) biodiesel produced in Indonesia.…”

Effect of Temperature and Tapioca Flour Concentration on Manufacture of CaO·SiO2 Heterogeneous Catalyst Pellets Made from Brick Burning Ash for Biodiesel Synthesis

“…Among the types of biofuels, biodiesel or fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) are seen as having great potential to become the main substitute for mineral diesel in many countries because they are renewable, sustainable, can reduce global warming and greenhouse gas emissions, are non-toxic and biodegradable. They have advantages compared to mineral diesel in that biodiesel combustion does not produce sulfur or has very little sulfur content, exhaust gas emissions such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are low, and they can be mixed with mineral diesel fuel in a certain ratio [4,7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. FAME can be used as a mixture of mineral diesel fuel or pure [10,18].…”

“…Biodiesel production from CPO currently competes with CPO for food needs [22,23]. The life cycle assessment (LCA) of the biodiesel production process, which aims to calculate the potential environmental pollution impact of the biodiesel production process, has been widely studied [15,[24][25][26][27][28].…”