Energy-Aware Scheduling of Streaming Applications on Edge-Devices in IoT-Based Healthcare

Abstract

The reliance on Network-on-Chip (NoC) based Multiprocessor Systems-on-Chips (MPSoCs) is proliferating in modern embedded systems to satisfy the higher performance requirement of multimedia streaming applications. Task level coarse grained software pipeling also called re-timing when combined with Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) has shown to be an effective approach in significantly reducing energy consumption of the multiprocessor systems at the expense of additional delay. In this paper we develop a novel energy-aware scheduler considering tasks with conditional constraints on Voltage Frequency Island (VFI) based heterogeneous NoC-MPSoCs deploying re-timing integrated with DVFS for real-time streaming applications. We propose a novel task level re-timing approach called R-CTG and integrate it with non linear programming based scheduling and voltage scaling approach referred to as ALI-EBAD. The R-CTG approach aims to minimize the latency caused by re-timing without compromising on energy-efficiency. Compared to R-DAG, the state-of-the-art approach designed for traditional Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) based task graphs, R-CTG significantly reduces the re-timing latency because it only re-times tasks that free up the wasted slack. To validate our claims we performed experiments on using 12 real benchmarks, the results demonstrate that ALI-EBAD out performs CA-TMES-Search and CA-TMES-Quick task schedulers in terms of energyefficiency.

Multiobjective Approach to Schedule DAG Tasks on Voltage Frequency Islands

“…In this section, a few relevant works on Scheduling of DAG on Voltage frequency island are examined. Tariq et al [23] have experimented using Voltage Frequency Island (VFI)based heterogeneous NoC-MPSoCs with re-timing coupled with DVFS for real-time streaming applications, this paper develops an energy-aware scheduler in this paper that takes conditional constraints into account. This paper presented forward a brand-new task level re-timing method were call R-CTG and merge it with a voltage scaling method name ALI-EBAD that was based on non-linear programming.…”

“…However, because this article examines homogeneous multicore systems/VFIs, each core's definition of the weighting technique is the same. The maximum execution time of the cores in the VFI is determined by constraint (23). In order to prevent exceptionally uneven VFI sizes that raise the benchmark's execution time or system energy consumption, constraint (24) mandates that each VFI have a minimal number of cores.…”

Real-Time Scheduling in IoT Applications: A Systematic Review

“…In the paper by [ 12 ], it was claimed that the starvation and miss ratio in healthcare tasks to enhance the performance of the introduced intelligent PHMS can be reduced via the suggested method for an optimal scheduling mechanism. While the ratio of starvation of the introduced optimal scheduling method is 12%, this parameter in the FEF and RM task scheduling method is 26% and 28%, respectively, which shows a dramatic enhancement in the overall performance of the health care tasks of the proposed scheduling mechanism.…”

Energy Optimized Task Mapping for Reliable and Real-Time Networked Systems

“…Following the "Fog/Edgecomputing" model [1,16,27], instead of collecting and sending all data to a remote Base Station (BS), a part of the data processing is done on the wireless nodes, reducing the amount of data sent to the BS. Hence, sensing, processing, and controlling tasks, and data transmissions should be executed in a real-time and energy-efficient manner, meeting the time and the energy constraints of the system application, in order to improve the overall system performance (e.g., enhancing federated learning in mobile edge computing) [40,43].…”