Energy Availability, Macronutrient Intake, and Nutritional Supplementation for Improving Exercise Performance in Endurance Athletes

Casazza, Gretchen A.; Tovar, Ashley P.; Richardson, Christine; Cortez, Angela N.; Davis, Brian A.

doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000494

Cited by 45 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Long-distance runners require higher amount of energy and macronutrients (protein and carbohydrate) and micronutrients (minerals such as iron, magnesium, sodium, and potassium) to support energy expenditure and hydroelectrolytes loss during exercise and to lead the recovery of lean mass, electrolytes, and glycogen store [18, 19]. In this study, we observed a low daily intake of energy, carbohydrate, fiber, vitamins B3, B6, and D, calcium, magnesium, and potassium, in marathon runners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nutritional strategies that provide energy demands and sufficient specific macro- and micronutrients to support the immune function could avoid consumption of “immune boosting” supplements. Endurance athletes usually make many nutritional mistakes, not based on metabolic scientific evidence, mainly regarding which type of athlete would benefit, or the dose and timing [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Daily Dietary Intake and Inflammation Induced by Marathon Race

Passos

Lima

Sierra

et al. 2019

Mediators of Inflammation

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Daily food intake is crucial to maintain health and determine endogenous fuel to practice endurance exercise. We investigated the association between quantity of macronutrient and micronutrient daily intake and inflammation induced by long-distance exercise. Methods. Forty-four Brazilian male amateurs' marathon finishers from 30 to 55 years old participated in this study. Blood samples were collected 1 day before, immediately after, and 1 day and 3 days after São Paulo International Marathon. The serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-8, IL-12p70, and TNF-α were measured to evaluate inflammation. Dietary intake was determined using a prospective method of three food records in the week before marathon race. Results. Marathon race promoted an elevation on IL-6, IL-8, IL-1-β, and IL-10 immediately after the race. The energy intake (EI), carbohydrate, fiber, folic acid, vitamin E, vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, and potassium intakes was below recommended. Immediately after the marathon race, we observed a negative correlation between IL-8 and daily EI, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, iron, calcium, potassium, and sodium intakes, and higher levels of IL-8 on runners with <3 g/kg/day of carbohydrate intake compared to runners with >5 g/kg/day. We demonstrated a positive correlation between daily carbohydrate intake and IL-10 and a negative correlation between TNF-α and % of energy intake recommended, carbohydrate and fiber intakes. Finally, runners with adequate EI had lower levels of IL-1β and TNF-α compared with low EI immediately after the race. Conclusion. Nutrition strategies to promote balanced diet in amateur runners seem to be as important as immunonutrition sports market. Daily food intake, mainly EI, electrolyte and carbohydrate intakes, may modulate exacerbated inflammation after endurance exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Daily Dietary Intake and Inflammation Induced by Marathon Race

Passos

Lima

Sierra

et al. 2019

Mediators of Inflammation

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“…Here, the evidence that the gut microbiome may be a predictor of athletic performance is reviewed. Personalized sports nutrition has incorporated the type of sport or activity, the training status of the individual, the athlete's goals, the time of the competitive season, and the athlete's food preferences (120,121) as well as biological traits such as genetic polymorphisms, RNA expression, and epigenetic modifications (28)(29)(30)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38) in the attempt to optimize athletic performance and response to training programs.…”

Section: Personalized Sports Nutrition and The Potential Effect Of Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Personalized Sports Nutrition

Hughes

2020

Front. Nutr.

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The gut microbiome is a key factor in determining inter-individual variability in response to diet. Thus, far, research in this area has focused on metabolic health outcomes such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, understanding the role of the gut microbiome in determining response to diet may also lead to improved personalization of sports nutrition for athletic performance. The gut microbiome has been shown to modify the effect of both diet and exercise, making it relevant to the athlete's pursuit of optimal performance. This area of research can benefit from recent developments in the general field of personalized nutrition and has the potential to expand our knowledge of the nexus between the gut microbiome, lifestyle, and individual physiology.

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“…13 Sporcu beslenmesi, yüksek karbonhidrat tüketiminin önerildiği diyet programlarını içerir ve karbonhidrat ağırlıklı diyet programı ağız mikroflorasında hastalıklarından sorumlu olan bakterilerin artışına sebep olduğundan diş çürüğü ile ilişkilidir. 14,15 Beslenme, aynı zamanda tükürük miktarını ve tükürük akış oranını da etkiler. 16 Tükürük akış oranı cinsiyete göre de farklılık gösterebilmektedir.…”

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Determination of the Oral and Dental Health Profile in Athletes Prepared to the Olympics by Gender in Turkey

Hamamcilar¹,

Kocahan²,

Akınoğlu³

et al. 2019

Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci

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146ğız ve diş sağlığını birçok faktör etkiler. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Oral sağlık davranışları ve tutumlar ağız ve diş sağlığını etkileyen faktörler arasındadır. 6,7 Ayrıca; gelir düzeyi, eğitim düzeyi ve mesleki durum gibi sosyoekonomik fak-Türkiye'de Olimpiyata Hazırlanan Sporcuların Cinsiyete Göre Ağız-Diş Sağlığı Profilinin Belirlenmesi Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Optimal spor performansına ulaşmak için yüksek karbonhidrat tüketiminin önerildiği sporcu beslenmesi, sporcuların ağız mikroflorasında hastalıklardan sorumlu olan bakterilerin artışına sebep olur. Bilinen en yaygın bulaşıcı olmayan kronik hastalık olan periodontal hastalık ve diş hastalıklarının cinsiyet ile ilişkisi araştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'de olimpiyata hazırlan sporcuların ağız-diş sağlığı profilini ortaya koymak ve sporcularda cinsiyetler arası ağız-diş sağlığı profilini karşılaştırmaktır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Çalışmamıza, farklı spor dallarından 314 kadın ve 584 erkek olmak üzere toplam 898 sporcu dâhil edildi. Sporcuların ağız-diş sağlığı profili diş hekimi muayenesi sonucu çürük diş, kayıp diş ve restore diş bilgileri kaydedilerek belirlenen çürük, kayıp, dolgulu dişler [decay, missing, filled teeth (DMFT)] indeksi ve toplum periodontal indeksi [community periodontal index (CPI)] ile değerlendirildi. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Sporcuların DMFT değerinin Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) 2020 hedef değerinin üzerinde, CPI değerinin DSÖ 2020 hedef değerinin altında olduğu tespit edildi. Kadın ve erkek sporcuların çürük diş, eksik diş ve dolgulu diş sayıları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığı belirlendi (p>0,05). Kadın sporcuların erkek sporculara göre daha az sıklıkta diş fırçaladıkları ve kadın sporcuların erkek sporculara göre daha sık diş hekimine gittikleri belirlendi (p<0,05). Cinsiyete göre periodontal hastalık varlığı karşılaştırıldığında ise kadınlarda periodontal hastalığın daha az olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,05). S So on nu uç ç: : Ağızdiş sağlığının genel sağlık, antrenman ve sportif performans üzerine etkileri olduğu ve genel sağlığın önemli bir parçası olduğu, sportif performansın optimize edilmesi için periyodik ağız-diş muayeneleri yapılması gerektiği unutulmamalıdır. Sporcularda ağız-diş sağlığını korumaya yönelik eğitim programları ve tedavi edici yaklaşımların uygulanmasını önermekteyiz.A An na ah h t ta ar r K Ke e l li i m me e l le er r: : Sporcu; DMFT; endodonti; periodontit A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : In order to achieve optimal sports performance, athletic nutrition in which high carbohydrate consumption is recommended causes an increase in bacteria responsible for diseases in mouth microflora of athletes. The relationship between sex with most common non-communicable chronic disease, periodontal disease, and dental diseases is investigated. The aim of this study was prepared by Turkey in the oral health of olympic athletes reveal the gender profile athletes and to compare the oral health profile. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a a...

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Energy Availability, Macronutrient Intake, and Nutritional Supplementation for Improving Exercise Performance in Endurance Athletes

Cited by 45 publications

References 29 publications

Association of Daily Dietary Intake and Inflammation Induced by Marathon Race

Association of Daily Dietary Intake and Inflammation Induced by Marathon Race

A Review of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Personalized Sports Nutrition

Determination of the Oral and Dental Health Profile in Athletes Prepared to the Olympics by Gender in Turkey

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