Energy and underground

Delmastro, Chiara; Lavagno, Evasio; Schranz, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.tust.2015.10.021

Cited by 31 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The idea behind the looped solution is to make at least one large loop so that it's possible to provide cooling to consumers in different ways [51].…”

Section: District Cooling Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

District Cooling Network Planning. A Case Study of Tallinn

Volkova

Hlebnikov²,

Ledvanov

et al. 2022

IJSEPM

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The planning procedure for district cooling as an urban system was presented and carried out using the example of the Tallinn city centre. The following steps were described in detail: cooling demand determination, cooling generation planning and cooling transition analysis. Based on the three proposed methods (average specific cooling load, satellite imagery analysis of a specific building, counting the number of fans in dry coolers and the combination method), the cooling capacity of the evaluated district was estimated at 63.2 MW. In terms of cooling generation, the analysis shows that seawater for free cooling can cover up to 55% of the annual cooling consumption. Electric chillers and absorption chillers that use surplus heat can cover the rest of the district cooling demand. The district cooling network was designed for three scenarios: with one generating unit, with two generating units and a looped network. Despite the fact that the looped network is the most expensive option, this type of solution is considered feasible as it will make it easier to connect new consumers.

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“…The idea behind the looped solution is to make at least one large loop so that it's possible to provide cooling to consumers in different ways [51].…”

Section: District Cooling Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

District Cooling Network Planning. A Case Study of Tallinn

Volkova

Hlebnikov²,

Ledvanov

et al. 2022

IJSEPM

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“…Energy is an index that describes the state of the whole system [1], which includes the overall dynamic response [2,3], structural parameters [4], and external excitation [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stability Analysis of Tunnel Lining Structure with Seismic Excitation Based on the Energy Evaluation Principle

Wen

Xin

Zhang

et al. 2021

Shock and Vibration

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Earthquakes are vibrations induced by the rapid releases of large quantities of energy from the crustal movements. During seismic excitation, there are kinetic energy, damping energy, and strain energy acting on the tunnel structure. Based on the indexes of the total energy, releasable elastic strain energy, and dissipated energy, this paper proposes three energy evaluation criteria for the tunnel structure, which are applied to the optimization of the aseismic design of the cross-sectional shape and material property of the tunnel structure. It can be concluded that the peak values and accumulated values of elastic strain energy at the spandrel and arch springing are significantly larger than other positions, which indicates that the strengths of the spandrel and arch springing are the most influential factor for the seismic damage of the tunnel structure. Considering this factor, the width-to-height ratio of 1.33 and Poisson’s ratio of 0.3 are determined as the most optimal cross-sectional shape and material property, respectively. Furthermore, by analyzing the relationship between the internal energy and the input energy of the tunnel structure with seismic excitation and proposing an equation for the evaluation of the dynamic stability of tunnel structure, the stabilities of the tunnel structure with different PGAs are analyzed; it can be concluded that the larger the peak value of seismic wave acceleration, the longer the instable period and the greater the degree of dynamic instability. The derived equations can be used as references for the seismic analysis of the tunnel structure, and the conclusions of this paper can contribute to the aseismic design of tunnel lining.

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“…The relationship between energy utilization and underground space is becoming intense because of urbanization growth in recent years [1]. Since piles are widely used in underground space as foundations, support structures of excavation, and foundations to restrain settlement of tunnel station [2], researchers have proposed a new type of heat transfer technology by burring tubes in piles, also known as energy pile or heat exchange pile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison Study on the Performance of a Novel and Traditional Energy Piles by Laboratory Tests

Bao

Cui

et al. 2021

Symmetry

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Phase change material (PCM) is a substance that can absorb or release sufficient latent heat at phase transition. By encapsulating phase change paraffin in hollow steel balls in the concrete, an energy pile with PCM was innovatively produced to improve energy efficiency for the ground heat pumping system. Laboratory tests were carried out on both PCM energy pile and traditional concrete pile to evaluate the thermo mechanical performance. Two piles were heated and cooled through inside tubes at a constant flow rate. The laboratory tests on the two piles were symmetrical for the two horizontal directions in geometry, and heat transfer process follows conservation laws of energy. The temperature response of the pile and soil, internal strain, pile displacement, pore pressure, and soil pressure under heating-cooling cycles were examined. Compared with the traditional concrete pile, the PCM energy pile can effectively reduce the surrounding soil temperature. The use of PCM in the pile can improve the capacity of heat storage and make the pile more effective in heat exchange. Non-uniform thermal strain and accumulations of heat and irrecoverable displacement were observed in the repeated heating-cooling process. The study can provide references for the practical implication of PCM energy piles.

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Energy and underground

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

District Cooling Network Planning. A Case Study of Tallinn

District Cooling Network Planning. A Case Study of Tallinn

The Stability Analysis of Tunnel Lining Structure with Seismic Excitation Based on the Energy Evaluation Principle

Comparison Study on the Performance of a Novel and Traditional Energy Piles by Laboratory Tests

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