Energy and exergy analyses of medium temperature latent heat thermal storage with high porosity metal matrix

Kumar, Ashish; Saha, Sandip K.

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.04.161

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Thermophysical properties of typical PCMs in the high temperature range are presented in Table 10. Due to the drawback of low thermal conductivity of PCM in this temperature range, heat transfer enhancement techniques were widely investigated and reviewed from previous researches, including finned tubes of different configurations [176,177,[210][211][212][213][214][215][216][217][218], metal matrix (foam) [219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226], shell and tube (multi-tubes) [215], graphite composites [227][228][229][230], and heat pipes [231][232][233][234], employing different experimental settings and materials of containers and…”

Section: Off-site Waste Heat Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the applications of phase change materials in cooling, heating and power generation in different temperature ranges

et al. 2018

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Latent heat thermal energy storage is an attractive technique as it can provide higher energy storage density than conventional heat energy storage systems and has the capability to store heat of fusion at a constant (or a near constant) temperature corresponding to the phase transition temperature of the phase change material (PCM). This paper provides a state-of-theart review on phase change materials (PCMs) and their applications for heating, cooling and electricity generation according to their working temperature ranges from (-20℃ to +200℃). Four working temperature ranges are considered in this review: 1) the low temperature range from (-20℃ to +5℃) where the PCMs are typically used for domestic and commercial refrigeration; 2) the medium low temperature range from (+5℃ to +40℃) where the PCMs are typically applied for heating and cooling applications in buildings; 3) the medium temperature range for solar based heating, hot water and electronic applications from (+40℃ to +80℃); and 4) the high temperature range from (+80℃ to +200℃) for absorption cooling, waste heat recovery and electricity generation. Different types of phase change materials applied to each temperature range are reviewed and discussed, in terms of the performance, heat transfer enhancement technique, environmental impact and economic analysis. The review shows that, energy saving of up to 12% can be achieved and a reduction of cooling load of up to 80% can be obtained by PCMs in the low to medium-low temperature range. PCM storage for heating applications can improve operation efficiency from 26% to 66%, depending on specific applications. Solar thermal direct steam generation (DSG) is the most common electricity generation application coupled with PCM storage systems in the high temperature range, due to the capability of PCMs to store and deliver energy at a given constant temperature. The recommendations for future research are also presented which provide insights about where the current research is heading and highlights the challenges that remain to be resolved.

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Section: Off-site Waste Heat Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the applications of phase change materials in cooling, heating and power generation in different temperature ranges

et al. 2018

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“…The net useful energy during charging and discharging periods has been estimated by performing energy and exergy analyses of shell- and tube-type LHTES units for a medium temperature solar thermal power plant (~200 °C) [ 29 ]. Similarly, the behavior of a LHTES system in the presence and in the absence of an aluminum foam has been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Energy Storage and Heat Transfer of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material (NePCM) in a Shell and Tube Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Unit with a Partial Layer of Eccentric Copper Foam

et al. 2021

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Thermal energy storage units conventionally have the drawback of slow charging response. Thus, heat transfer enhancement techniques are required to reduce charging time. Using nanoadditives is a promising approach to enhance the heat transfer and energy storage response time of materials that store heat by undergoing a reversible phase change, so-called phase change materials. In the present study, a combination of such materials enhanced with the addition of nanometer-scale graphene oxide particles (called nano-enhanced phase change materials) and a layer of a copper foam is proposed to improve the thermal performance of a shell-and-tube latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit filled with capric acid. Both graphene oxide and copper nanoparticles were tested as the nanometer-scale additives. A geometrically nonuniform layer of copper foam was placed over the hot tube inside the unit. The metal foam layer can improve heat transfer with an increase of the composite thermal conductivity. However, it suppressed the natural convection flows and could reduce heat transfer in the molten regions. Thus, a metal foam layer with a nonuniform shape can maximize thermal conductivity in conduction-dominant regions and minimize its adverse impacts on natural convection flows. The heat transfer was modeled using partial differential equations for conservations of momentum and heat. The finite element method was used to solve the partial differential equations. A backward differential formula was used to control the accuracy and convergence of the solution automatically. Mesh adaptation was applied to increase the mesh resolution at the interface between phases and improve the quality and stability of the solution. The impact of the eccentricity and porosity of the metal foam layer and the volume fraction of nanoparticles on the energy storage and the thermal performance of the LHTES unit was addressed. The layer of the metal foam notably improves the response time of the LHTES unit, and a 10% eccentricity of the porous layer toward the bottom improved the response time of the LHTES unit by 50%. The presence of nanoadditives could reduce the response time (melting time) of the LHTES unit by 12%, and copper nanoparticles were slightly better than graphene oxide particles in terms of heat transfer enhancement. The design parameters of the eccentricity, porosity, and volume fraction of nanoparticles had minimal impact on the thermal energy storage capacity of the LHTES unit, while their impact on the melting time (response time) was significant. Thus, a combination of the enhancement method could practically reduce the thermal charging time of an LHTES unit without a significant increase in its size.

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“…[3][4][5][6] The PCM with melting temperature ranges from 80 C to 200 C are considered for medium-temperature applications such as solar adsorption cooling, solar water heater, waste heat recovery, and decentralized solar thermal power plant based on organic Rankine cycle. 7,8 Moreover, latent heat storage for medium temperature is a lucrative solution for solar centric cooling/heating applications and waste heat recovery [9][10][11] Further, for concentrated solar power (CSP) applications and industrial waste heat applications at high temperature, PCM with high melting points are utilized for thermal energy storage. 12,13 Vyshak and Jilani 14 did the numerical analysis for various designs of PCM storage containers viz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel analytical approach to study the charging characteristics of a shell and tube thermal energy storage system

2021

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This study presents a novel analytical solution of the phase change problem in a shell and tube arrangement of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) system. The transient melting behavior of phase change material (PCM) is captured using time‐dependent boundary conditions and moving interface energy equation. An approximate mathematical model is developed with the help of dimensionless number (η), exponential integral function, Lambert W function, and Swamee and Oijha approximation. The proposed analytical solution is used for investigating the thermal performance of low, medium, and high melting temperature PCM for building, solar absorption cooling, and concentrated solar power (CSP) applications, respectively. The results obtained from the analytical approach are compared with a numerical model based on the enthalpy method. It is found that the root mean square difference between the average PCM temperature obtained from analytical solution and detailed numerical analysis is 3.3°C, 1.2°C, and 0.1°C for the low, medium, and high‐temperature systems, respectively. The temporal variation of melt front position and the effect of inner tube temperature are further investigated using the analytical solution. The mathematical model could be proposed as an effective tool for the assessment of shell and tube LHTES systems.

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Energy and exergy analyses of medium temperature latent heat thermal storage with high porosity metal matrix

Cited by 32 publications

References 37 publications

A review of the applications of phase change materials in cooling, heating and power generation in different temperature ranges

A review of the applications of phase change materials in cooling, heating and power generation in different temperature ranges

Thermal Energy Storage and Heat Transfer of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material (NePCM) in a Shell and Tube Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Unit with a Partial Layer of Eccentric Copper Foam

A novel analytical approach to study the charging characteristics of a shell and tube thermal energy storage system

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