Energy and environmental impact analysis of rice cultivation and straw management in northern Thailand

Yodkhum, Sanwasan; Sampattagul, Sate; Gheewala, Shabbir H.

doi:10.1007/s11356-018-1961-y

Cited by 40 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Therefore, Phonin et al 15 found the best clusters with minimum transportation cost for several constraints set for corn product/ waste management system in northern area of Thailand using models and simulation in order to assess the total CO 2 emissions from the waste elimination process, open burning and transforming to biomass pellet plant. Recently, Yodkhum et al 16 assessed the environmental burdens of GHG emissions, energy use, and particulate matter formation (PM 10 ), from rice cultivation in Chiang Mai province, northern Thailand and compared the environmental burdens of rice straw utilization scenarios such as, open burning, incorporation into soil, and direct combustion for electricity generation.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle assessment of maize cultivation and biomass utilization in northern Thailand

Supasri

Itsubo

Gheewala

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Maize, a major food source for the world, is a high-yield commodity crop, and one of five major crops in Thailand. Occupying about 33% of the Thai upland farmlands, maize farming has been growing tremendously especially in northern Thailand. However, after harvesting, open burning is widely used in order to get rid of maize cobs and husks in land preparation for the next period. The current maize farming practices have caused several problems to local communities as well as urban dwellers. The objectives of this research were: (i) to analyze the life cycle inventory of maize cultivation, maize cob pellet production and heavy fuel oil production in northern Thailand using IDEA v2.0 and ecoinvent v3.0 databases; (ii) to evaluate environmental impacts of maize cultivation, maize cob pellet production and heavy fuel oil production using A Global Scale Environmental Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LIME-3) with the results of weighting (Country-specific) based on monetary valuation of end-points. This study evaluated the life cycle environmental impacts of maize cultivation and continuing through biomass energy production from maize cob by comparing with heat production from heavy fuel oil in Mae Chaem and Chiang Dao districts in the north of Thailand by using two different databases, IDEA v2.0 and ecoinvent v3.0 with an endpoint-based life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) method (LIME-3). The system boundary of this study includes land preparation, planting, weeding, farming, harvesting, maize cob pellet production and heat production from maize cob pellet and heavy fuel oil. The units of analysis in this study are 1 kg of maize grain, 3.76E-03 MJ of biomass energy production from maize cob and 3.76E-03 MJ of heat production from heavy fuel oil, respectively. The data were obtained from field survey supplemented with the Thai National Life Cycle Inventory Database and other scientific publications. The results included the environmental impacts of maize cultivation and continuing through biomass energy production from maize cob by comparing with heat production from heavy fuel oil in Mae Chaem and Chiang Dao districts by using two different databases with LCIA method on the endpoint approaches (LIME-3). The total damage cost based on IDEA v2.0 life cycle inventory (LCI) database in Mae Chaem and Chiang Dao districts was about 4.64E-01 USD and 4.89E-01 USD, respectively. As regards ecoinvent v3.0 database, the total damage cost in Mae Chaem and Chiang Dao districts was about 5.37E-01USD and 5.99E-01 USD, respectively. It can be seen that the total damage cost using different inventory databases in Chiang Dao are slightly higher than Mae Chaem due to different input materials. The result of total cost using inventory data from ecoinvent v3.0 is slightly higher than IDEA v2.0 due to different inventory processes in each database. However, the results in this study demonstrated that the databases show similar trends in the assessment results. On the other hand, certain numerical differences between the databases at some point...

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle assessment of maize cultivation and biomass utilization in northern Thailand

Supasri

Itsubo

Gheewala

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…Yodkhum et al [94] estimated that the CF of organic rice production in the Chiang Mai province, Northern Thailand, was 0.58 kg CO2eq kg −1 rice yield. Yodkhum et al [95] calculated the CF of conventional rice farming in the Maerim District, Chiang Mai province, Northern Thailand, and found 0.64 kg CO2eq kg −1 rice yield. Mungkung et al [96] found that the CF of Hom Mali organic rice production in the Surin province, Northeast Thailand was 2.88 kg CO2eq kg −1 rice yield.…”

Section: Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Carbon Footprint Of Of And Cvfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon, Nitrogen and Water Footprints of Organic Rice and Conventional Rice Production over 4 Years of Cultivation: A Case Study in the Lower North of Thailand

Arunrat

Sereenonchai

Chaowiwat³

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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An integrated method is required for comprehensive assessment of the environmental impacts and economic benefits of rice production systems. Therefore, the objective of this study was to apply different footprinting approaches (carbon footprint (CF), nitrogen footprint (NF), water footprint (WF)) and determine the economic return on organic farming (OF) and conventional rice farming (CVF) at the farm scale. Over the 4-year study period (2018–2021), the results showed lower net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in OF (3289.1 kg CO2eq ha−1 year−1) than in CVF (4921.7 kg CO2eq ha−1 year−1), indicating that the use of OF can mitigate the GHG emissions from soil carbon sequestration. However, there was a higher CF intensity in OF (1.17 kg CO2eq kg−1 rice yield) than in CVF (0.93 kg CO2eq kg−1 rice yield) due to the lower yield. The NF intensities of OF and CVF were 0.34 and 11.94 kg Neq kg−1 rice yield, respectively. The total WF of CVF (1470.1 m3 ton−1) was higher than that in OF (1216.3 m3 ton−1). The gray water in CVF was significantly higher than that in OF due to the use of chemical fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. Although the rice yield in OF was nearly two times lower than that in CVF, the economic return was higher due to lower production costs and higher rice prices. However, more field studies and long-term monitoring are needed for future research.

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“…The application of LCA has been used to evaluate which were the most suitable agro-systems to produce rice concerning the environmental aspect. Most studies on the application of LCA in rice production are mostly concentrated in Asian Countries: Thailand (Jirapornvaree et al 2021;Yodkhum et al 2018), China (Xu et al 2022;Shen et al 2021), Malaysia (Abdul Rahman et al 2019Harun et al 2021), Iran (Habibi et al 2019;Morandini et al 2020), Bangladesh (Shew et al 2019;Jimmy et al 2017), and Japan (Masuda 2019). Jirapornvaree et al (2021), for example, consider complete rice production (from cradle to gate), showing that the total GWP is about 38 kg CO 2 eq, while Yodkhum et al (2018) study different waste straw management systems.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental life cycle assessment of rice production in northern Italy: a case study from Vercelli

Vinci

Lucia

Ruggeri

et al. 2022

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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Purpose The study’s objective is to assess the environmental performance of rice production in Northern Italy, in particular in Piedmont, the first Italian and European district for the rice-growing area, and thus identify the most critical hotspots and agricultural processes. In particular, as a case study, a farm located in Vercelli (VC) has been chosen. Subsequently, the study results were compared with other different cultivation practices to evaluate the most sustainable choice. Methods The application of the LCA has been performed, highlighting the phases of rice production that have the most significant impact. Then, uncertainty and sensitivity analyses have been made to estimate the robustness of the results and assess the influence of changing some input variables on emission reduction. Finally, multivariate statistical, specifically a principal component analysis (PCA), was conducted to aid the interpretation of the output dataset of this case study. LCA, uncertainty analysis, and sensitivity analysis were performed with SimaPro 9.2.0, using ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H) methodology, and PCA with R software. Results and discussions The hotspot with the highest environmental load is irrigation, which compared to the other phases impacts more in 15 out of 18 categories, including 12 with impacts greater than + 75%. This is because irrigation causes direct impacts, related to the methanogenesis in rice fields, but also indirect impacts related mainly to the production of the energy mix required to move the large masses of irrigation water. Therefore, different water management systems were compared and results show that the irrigation systems based on intermittent paddy submergence (DSI) could result in − 40% lower impacts, resulting to be the preferable technique over the other irrigation systems analyzed, including the traditional one used in this study. Conclusions In order to reduce the environmental impacts related to the irrigation process, a water management system characterized by intermittent flooding of the paddy field (DSI) could be used as it reduces the environmental impacts the most (− 40%), while the least suitable system is one characterized by continuous flooding without drought periods, as it causes the highest impacts.

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Energy and environmental impact analysis of rice cultivation and straw management in northern Thailand

Cited by 40 publications

References 18 publications

Life cycle assessment of maize cultivation and biomass utilization in northern Thailand

Life cycle assessment of maize cultivation and biomass utilization in northern Thailand

Carbon, Nitrogen and Water Footprints of Organic Rice and Conventional Rice Production over 4 Years of Cultivation: A Case Study in the Lower North of Thailand

Environmental life cycle assessment of rice production in northern Italy: a case study from Vercelli

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