Energy and economic comparison of five mixed-refrigerant natural gas liquefaction processes

Pereira, Matheus A.M.; Santos, Lucas F.; Caballero, J. A.; Ravagnani, Mauro A.S.S.; Costa, Caliane Bastos Borba

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116364

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…In the liquefaction subcooling cycle using the mixed refrigerant, the natural gas is further cooled from –35 °C to approximately –160 °C 31. Mixed fluid cascade (MFC): In this method, three mixed working fluids are utilized in three cascade cycles to pre‐cool, liquefy, and sub‐cool the natural gas. A multi‐stream heat exchanger is utilized for the three major cycles 32. The pre‐cooling cycle cools the gas stream along with the other two (the liquefaction and sub‐cooling refrigerant) to approximately –50 °C.…”

Section: Natural Gas Liquefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The liquefaction cycle refrigerates both the natural gas stream and the sub‐cooling mixed refrigerant to about –90 °C. In the final section of the exchanger, the sub‐cooling refrigerant additionally cools the LNG, guaranteeing its proper outlet temperature of –155 to –160 °C 32, 33. Nitrogen expansion cycle: The nitrogen initially passes through several phases of compression and cooling. Initially, it is cooled by utilizing water‐coolers, and subsequently by the pre‐cooling refrigerant.…”

Section: Natural Gas Liquefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Gas Liquefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the liquefaction subcooling cycle using the mixed refrigerant, the natural gas is further cooled from -35 °C to approximately -160 °C Review Article ral gas stream and the sub-cooling mixed refrigerant to about -90 °C. In the final section of the exchanger, the subcooling refrigerant additionally cools the LNG, guaranteeing its proper outlet temperature of -155 to -160 °C [32,33]. (iv) Nitrogen expansion cycle: The nitrogen initially passes through several phases of compression and cooling.…”

Section: Natural Gas Liquefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Liquefied Natural Gas Value Chain: A Comprehensive Review and Analysis

Shingan,

Banerjee,

Kumawat

et al. 2023

Chem Eng & Technol

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Over the past few decades, the liquefied natural gas (LNG) business has experienced astounding expansion and gained global relevance. LNG has emerged as a key element in meeting the world's rising energy demand while working to cut carbon emissions, since it is a cleaner and more adaptable energy source. The entire process from natural gas extraction to consumption is covered in the presented analysis of the LNG value chain, starting out by looking at the discovery and production of natural gas reserves, highlighting important innovations and methods used during the extraction stage. The procedures used to treat and purify natural gas in order to meet the strict standards for liquefaction are detailed. Analysis of the liquefaction process reveals numerous liquefaction technologies, e.g. the well‐known conventional liquefaction and the cutting‐edge floating LNG and small‐scale LNG facilities. LNG storage and transportation, as critical components in the value chain, are examined in great detail. When the LNG reaches its destination, regasification plays a crucial role in repurposing it as a gas for distribution and consumption. Regasification technologies, such as conventional onshore terminals, floating storage and regasification units, and land‐based regasification facilities, are covered. Concerns regarding methane emissions and the carbon footprint, the potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions through new technology, the environmental impact of LNG, and the economics of LNG are also considered across its value chain.

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Section: Natural Gas Liquefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Gas Liquefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Gas Liquefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Gas Liquefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Liquefied Natural Gas Value Chain: A Comprehensive Review and Analysis

Shingan,

Banerjee,

Kumawat

et al. 2023

Chem Eng & Technol

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“…Due to the demand for environmentally benign energy sources, natural gas has received increasing attention in recent years. Natural gas demand is expected to grow by 60% between 2010 and 2030, and is anticipated to surpass coal as a dominant energy provider by approximately 2035 [2]. In industrial applications where gas is transported through pipelines, one of the most crucial processes is gas compression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A generalized disjunctive programming model for multi-stage compression for natural gas liquefaction processes

Matovu,

Mahadzir,

Rozali

2023

E3S Web of Conf.

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The primary driver of operating costs in natural gas processes is the energy consumption of the compression system. Multistage compression configurations are commonly employed and hence play a vital role in optimization of natural gas processes. In this study, a generalized disjunctive programming model for multistage compression is formulated. The model is useful for both synthesis and optimization of multistage compression configurations. By using this approach, we further seek improvements in shaft work savings. The model relies on thermodynamic equations and is designed to minimize the consumption of shaft work. The model is handled by employing the logic-based branch and bound algorithm, eliminating the need for explicit conversion into a MINLP, which in turn leads to improved convergence and faster computational performance. The model solution yields optimal pressure levels, and hence stage shaft work consumptions. A case study of multistage compression for a prior optimized single mixed refrigerant (SMR) process obtained from literature is used to test the proposed model. The model’s outcomes are validated through simulation using the Aspen Hysys software. Savings in shaft work of atmost 0.0088%, 0.4433%, and 1.2321% are obtained for the two, three, and four stage compression systems respectively against the optimized base cases from literature.

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