Energy Analysis of a Small Geothermal District Heating System in Southern Italy

Carotenuto, A.; Luca, G. De; Fabozzi, Salvatore; Figaj, Rafał; Iorio, Marina; Massarotti, Nicola; Vanoli, Laura

doi:10.18280/ijht.34sp0246

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Nowadays, they are generally considered as a convenient way to supply heat to a large number of buildings with a central heating plant generating high conversion efficiency and fuel flexibility [3], [4]. Moreover the DHN allows a variety of energy sources to feed them especially the renewable ones such as biomass, industrial waste heat or geothermal resources [5]. The size of DHN varies widely: from several dozen meters (for industry or small communities) to several kilometers (such as Moscow city network [6]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study for simulating heat transport in large district heating networks

Sartor¹,

Thomas²,

Dewallef³

2018

IJHT

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District heating networks are a convenient, economic and environmental-friendly way to supply heat to buildings connected to a central heating plant. However, the control of such a system becomes challenging if the total length of the network reaches several kilometers because the travel time of the information into the system is over hours. One solution consists in instrumenting all the parts of the network and performing a closed loop control to optimize the temperature and the mass flow rate supplied to every single consumption point. However this solution is generally expensive and difficult to implement in existing networks. What is proposed in this paper is to dynamically model the heat waves in the network to determine the temperatures and mass flow rates at key locations considering the ambient losses and the pipe thermal inertia. A study is performed to check the possibility to use the one-dimensional finite volume method to simulate heat waves propagation. First, an adiabatic pipe is considered as a reference test case to determine the limitations of this method. The results are compared to a 2D computational fluid dynamic simulation and numerical diffusion is exhibited for low spatial discretization. Therefore, an improved alternative model is developed to overcome this problem.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study for simulating heat transport in large district heating networks

Sartor¹,

Thomas²,

Dewallef³

2018

IJHT

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“…Since the difference in mudstone fragmentation is mainly attributed to mineral composition and pore-fracture structure, the shape and size of samples may vary with mineral composition and pore-fracture structure in spite of the constant temperature [32][33] and the same number of dry-wet cycles. For the same type of mudstone, however, the fragmentation degree grows as the temperature rises, bringing about more fragments, larger specific surface area and greater fractal dimension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-induced slaking characteristics of mudstone during dry-wet cycles

Hu¹,

Liu²,

Ren³

et al. 2017

IJHT

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As the determinant of thermal propagation velocity and temperature field distribution within rocks, the effective thermal conductivity is not only influenced by the structure characteristics of medium (e.g. mineral compositions, porosity and micro cracks), the multiphase flow characteristics (e.g. saturation and water vapor content), and temperature, but also deeply affected by the multi-field coupling within rock masses. Mudstone contains non-clay minerals and clay minerals, which split apart from each other owing to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient. With the aim to analyze the temperature effect on the slaking characteristics of mudstone during dry-wet cycles, this paper performs the sieving test on air-dry fragments obtained from the dry-wet cycle test. With a customized test device, three dry-wet cycles are conducted on five samples at 60°C, 90°C, 105°C, 120°C and 180°C, respectively. The grains are divided into 4 categories: coarse grains (d15mm), medium grains (7mmd15mm), fine grains (0.075mmd7mm) and particles (d0.075mm). The mass percentage, number of fragments, specific surface area and fractal dimension are calculated after the drywet cycle test. The test results show that: the mass percentage of coarse grains decreases but that of medium and fine grains increases as temperature rises, indicating that higher temperature causes higher fragmentation and finer grains; the number of medium and fine grains grows, while that of coarse grains increases firstly and then decreases with the rise of heating temperature, and the fragmentation becomes more obvious after the temperature reaches 120°C; the specific surface area and the fractal dimension of the samples increase with the increase of temperature. The difference in mudstone fragmentation is mainly attributed to mineral composition and pore-fracture structure. The high temperature environment is conducive to mudstone fragmentation and the dry-wet cycles act as the driving engine of the rapid disintegration of mudstone.

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“…Temperature is used to categorize geothermal resources for different applications such as conventional electricity generation, binary cycle electricity generation, and heating (heat pump). e possible use of geothermal energy can vary depending on the level of temperature of the geothermal fluid, geological pattern, and hydrogeological features [17,18]. Different geothermal technologies are used either directly or indirectly for different applications such as electric systems, district heating systems in cold zones, and cooling systems in hot zones [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of a Nonperennial Tributary Integrated with Solar Energy for Rural Electrification: A Case Study of Ikukwa Village in Tanzania

Mwakitalima

Rizwan

Kumar

2022

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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This study evaluates the hydropower potential in the design of a micro-hydro/solar photovoltaic hybrid system with battery energy storage for increasing the access to electricity in Ikukwa Village in Mbeya Region of Tanzania. Usually, hybridized hydropower schemes are designed from perennial streams for the provision of electricity. This study incorporates the run-of-the river (COE) power scheme, which originates from the untapped potential of nonperennial hydro-energy source and the use of traditional approach of data measurements for Ikata tributary to design hybrid system. The system is optimized by the minimization of the total net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE) using the soft computing method of Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software and artificial intelligent (AI) techniques. AI optimization techniques such as particle swarm optimization (PSO), grey wolf optimization (GWO), and GWO-PSO hybrid (GWO-PSOHD) algorithms have been employed for further optimal results. The data for solar radiation and the tributary have been obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and traditional methods of measurements, respectively. The estimated maximum water flow rate and head are 2.943 m3/s and 13 m, respectively. In the same period, the approximated theoretical power potential of the tributary is found to be 375 kW. Total NPCs obtained from HOMER, PSO, GWO, and GWO-PSOHD methods are $ 141, 397.76, $ 95 167.21, $ 92 472.82, and $ 91,854.10, respectively. Similarly, the optimal results of COE from HOMER, PSO, GWO, and GWO-PSOHD approaches are $ 0.1818/kWh, $ 0.1185/kWh, $ 0.1182/kWh, and $ 0.1181/kWh, respectively. Comparatively, PSO implementation has indicated the greatest energy cost, while the cost acquired by GWO-PSOHD is the lowest for all aforementioned AI optimization techniques. The tributary under study has a high potential of diversification of energy sources for rural electrification in the area of study and other parts of the world with comparable conditions.

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Energy Analysis of a Small Geothermal District Heating System in Southern Italy

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

A comparative study for simulating heat transport in large district heating networks

A comparative study for simulating heat transport in large district heating networks

Temperature-induced slaking characteristics of mudstone during dry-wet cycles

Potential of a Nonperennial Tributary Integrated with Solar Energy for Rural Electrification: A Case Study of Ikukwa Village in Tanzania

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