Energiepark Mainz: Technical and economic analysis of the worldwide largest Power-to-Gas plant with PEM electrolysis

Kopp, Marie E.; Coleman, David L.; Stiller, Christoph; Scheffer, K.; Aichinger, J.; Scheppat, B.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.12.145

Cited by 243 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[125] However,m anyo ft he PEM electrolyzers use IrO 2 as their anode catalyst, which increases the capex. [133] The installation of PEM electrolyzers keeps expanding:i n2 018, Air Liquide installed HyBalance;apilot site for the productiono fc arbon-free hydrogen. [131,132] The main bottlenecks to establishing electrolysis as ap referred technology to produce H 2 are the price of crude oil and the price of renewable energy,t hat is, competition between old and new technologies.…”

Section: Implementation Of Co 2 Hydrogenation In Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Look at Direct Catalytic Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Olefins

2019

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ReviewsScheme2.Redox (left) and associative (right) reaction pathways for the RWGS reaction. [82] Scheme3.Reduction and carburization steps of an iron-based catalyst. [83] Scheme4.Catalytic activity (top) and iron-phase composition of the catalyst (bottom) as af unction of time during the reaction. Reactionconditions:H 2 / CO 2 = 3, 250 8C, 1MPa, FeÀAlÀCuÀ9K catalyst. FT refers to the Fischer-Tropschr eaction. Arrows indicatethe increase or decrease of reaction yield/iron phase during ac ertain episode. [84] ChemSusChem

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Section: Implementation Of Co 2 Hydrogenation In Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Look at Direct Catalytic Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Olefins

2019

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“…Results presented in this paper are highly dependent on the assumption that the electricity cost on-board the wind energy converters can reach 0.08 €/kWh in the short term and 0.04 €/kWh in the longer run, yielding delivered hydrogen prices of approximately 8 €/kg and 4 €/kg, respectively. The recent multi-pole systems analysis published in [23] [24] estimated the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) to be 13.9 and 10 €/kg, respectively. These estimates are likely to be very conservative because they are based on published cost data for manned ships designed for very different purposes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Renewable hydrogen production can be achieved from biomass [19] [20], from solar energy through photolytic processes [21] [22], or from renewable electricity through water electrolysis (e.g. [23]). Pilot plants for hydrogen production from renewable electricity have been reviewed in [24].…”

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confidence: 99%

Techno-economic feasibility of fleets of far offshore hydrogen-producing wind energy converters

Babarit

Gilloteaux

Clodic

et al. 2018

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

105

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Innovative solutions need to be developed for harvesting wind energy far offshore. They necessarily involve on-board energy storage because grid-connection would be prohibitively expensive. Hydrogen is one of the most promising solutions. However, it is well-known that it is challenging to store and transport hydrogen which may have a critical impact on the delivered hydrogen cost.In this paper, it is shown that there are vast areas far offshore where wind power is both characterized by high winds and limited seasonal variations. Capturing a fraction of this energy could provide enough energy to cover the forecast global energy demand for 2050. Thus, scenarios are proposed for the exploitation of this resource by fleets of hydrogen-producing wind energy converters sailing autonomously. The scenarios include transportation and distribution of the produced hydrogen.The delivered hydrogen cost is estimated for the various scenarios in the short term and in the longer term. Cost estimates are derived using technical and economic data available in the literature and assumptions for the cost of electricity available on-board the wind energy converters. In the shorter term, delivered cost estimates are in the range 7.1 to 9.4 €/kg depending on the scenario and the delivery distance. They are based on the assumption of on-board electricity cost at 0.08€/kWh. In the longer term, assuming an on-board electricity cost at 0.04€.kWh, the cost estimates could reduce to 3.5 to 5.7 €/kg which would make the hydrogen competitive on several hydrogen markets without any support mechanism. For the hydrogen to be competitive on all hydrogen markets including the ones with the highest GHG emissions, a carbon tax of approximately 200 €/kg would be required.

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“…8 The importance of hydrogen storage for accommodating the high penetration of renewable energy has been discussed previously. 9,10 Many studies have described and analyzed the economic feasibility of hydrogen storage, 7,[11][12][13][14] with common topics including improving efficiency, reducing high investment costs, addressing uncertain profitability, and increasing storage. In addition, the capacity optimization of wind-hydrogen systems has been studied on the electrolyzer 15,16 and fuel cell.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing unit capacities for a wind-hydrogen power system of clustered wind farms

Jiang

Bu-ying

Wang

2018

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary In general, wind power output of clustering wind farms must be massively transmitted. The wind power in each wind farm is correlated, intermittent, fluctuant, and cannot be accommodated all the time, causing the intractable decision of economical transmission capacity of a project transmitting wind power to a power grid. Furthermore, the drastic fluctuation of clustered wind power results in enormous challenges regarding the safety of a power system. For these reasons, the concept of a wind‐hydrogen power system for clustered wind farms is proposed. Next, a multiobjective model for optimizing the capacities, including the transmission project, hydrogen‐producing system, and fuel cells, is constructed based on the joint distributed character of wind speed, which consists of maximizing social benefit and the qualified rate of smoothing clustering wind power fluctuations. Finally, a case is analyzed in detail, accounting for the wind volatility, wind curtailment probability, and the costs of both hydrogen production and the fuel cells.

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Energiepark Mainz: Technical and economic analysis of the worldwide largest Power-to-Gas plant with PEM electrolysis

Cited by 243 publications

References 16 publications

A Critical Look at Direct Catalytic Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Olefins

A Critical Look at Direct Catalytic Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Olefins

Techno-economic feasibility of fleets of far offshore hydrogen-producing wind energy converters

Optimizing unit capacities for a wind-hydrogen power system of clustered wind farms

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