Energetic performance optimization of a capacitive deionization system operating with transient cycles and brackish water

Brackish Water Desalination by Capacitive Deionization using Nanoporous Carbon Aerogel Electrodes

“…Electrostatic shielding electrodeionization uses ionic current sinks instead of ion exchange membranes [2]. Capacitive deionization CDI or otherwise called electrosorption [3,4] is a membrane-less batch wise operated electrodeionization process, where ions are forced to move towards to the opposite charged electrodes, resulting in deionization of the treated solution. Capacitive deionization is the most economic and energy efficient method for water deionization.…”

Wireless desalination using inductively powered porous carbon electrodes

“…In summary, our work reports on the possibility of charging porous carbon electrodes with RIC, and demonstrates its application for water desalination using CDI. Note that in this study only the charging step is performed by RIC, while discharge is achieved by simple short-circuiting without energy recovery [40,41]. However, a full desalination cycle consisting of an adsorption and desorption step can be achieved by implementing an extra controller which governs the moment when the electrical circuit opens (adsorption step) or closes (desorption step).…”

Interconnected metal oxide CNT fibre hybrid networks for current collector-free asymmetric capacitive deionization

“…4 The energy stored can be subsequently retrieved in the electrode discharge step using the same working principle as in a capacitor (see the ESI †). [5][6][7][8][9][10] Amongst its envisaged advantages over other desalination methods are: lower energy consumption to treat medium salt concentration streams (2-10 g L À1 ), 6,8,[11][12][13][14] low fouling and scaling risk [15][16][17] and higher water recovery rates, thus achieving substantial reductions in the volume of brine. 12,18,19 The design and choice of materials for CDI and capacitive dye removal follows similar principles to standard EDLC, hence most cells consist of two porous carbon electrodes supported on a current collector; 20 in the case of CDI a corrosion-resistant metal, typically Ti, or a non-metallic substrate such as expanded graphite is used.…”