Energetic particle dynamics, precipitation, and conductivity

Gabrielse, Christine; Kaeppler, S. R.; Lu, G.; Wang, Chih‐Ping; Yu, Yiqun

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821366-7.00002-0

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Substorm injections are mesoscale and transient phenomena (e.g., Gabrielse et al., 2014; Nakamura et al., 2002; Sorathia et al., 2021). While the importance of substorm injection energy input into the ionosphere has been recognized and actively investigated (see review Gabrielse et al., 2022; Jordanova et al., 2023; Yu et al., 2022, and references therein), quantifying it is challenging due to the transient nature of injections (see discussions in Heelis & Maute, 2020; C. Huang, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The magnetospheric substorm is a fundamental component of geomagnetic activity, resulting in rapid energization of charged particles in the near‐Earth magnetotail (see reviews by Birn et al., 2021; Sitnov et al., 2019, and references therein), followed by their subsequent injection into the inner magnetosphere (see reviews by Baker et al., 1996; Gabrielse et al., 2022, and references therein). Energetic ions drift duskward, contributing to magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling, through processes such as sub‐auroral polarization streams (SAPS) (see review Mishin & Streltsov, 2021, and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Key Role of Magnetic Curvature Scattering in Energetic Electron Precipitation During Substorms

Zou,

Zhang,

Artemyev

et al. 2024

Geophysical Research Letters

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Energetic electron precipitation (EEP) during substorms significantly affects ionospheric chemistry and lower‐ionosphere (<100 km) conductance. Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain what causes EEP: whistler‐mode wave scattering, which dominates at low latitudes (mapping to the inner magnetosphere), and magnetic field‐line curvature scattering, which dominates poleward. In this case study, we analyzed a substorm event demonstrating the dominance of curvature scattering. Using ELFIN, POES, and THEMIS observations, we show that 50–1,000 keV EEP was driven by curvature scattering, initiated by an intensification and subsequent earthward motion of the magnetotail current sheet. Using a combination of Swarm, total electron content, and ELFIN measurements, we directly show the location of EEP with energies up to ∼1 MeV, which extended from the plasmapause to the near‐Earth plasma sheet (PS). The impact of this strong substorm EEP on ionospheric ionization is also estimated and compared with precipitation of PS (<30 keV) electrons.

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