“…where v i0, j is the ion velocity at the sheath edge. For the multi-ion-component plasma collisionless sheath, it is suggested from both analytical and numerical results that each ion species at the sheath edge should satisfy its own Bohm criterion, [19,20] i.e., v i0, j = C s, j . For a sheath of more than one population of negatively charged particles, by following Riemann, [21] the Bohm velocity can be written as C s, j = (T i, j + Z i, j T e,eff )/m i with the ions charge states Z i, j and the effective electron temperature T e,eff defined as…”