Energetic and exergetic assessment of two- and three-stage spray drying units for milk processing industry

Singh, Gurjeet; Tyagi, V.V.; Chopra, K.; Pandey, A.K.; Sharma, R. K.; Sarı, Ahmet

doi:10.1007/s40430-021-03015-3

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In product/factory analyses, data based on the average of a certain period are obtained from a production line consisting of many operations/instruments, and the performance of each component is evaluated after separating the production line into main components. In this context, most studies in the food production sector have been published regarding the products/factories of the dairy sector [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Whole Milk Powder Production by a Cumulative Exergy Consumption Approach

et al. 2023

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The production of food is a sector that consumes a significant amount of energy and encompasses both agricultural and industrial processes. In this study, the energy consumption of whole milk powder production, which is known to be particularly energy-intensive, was examined. The study used a cumulative exergy consumption approach to evaluate the overall production process of whole milk powder, including the dairy farm (raw milk production) and dairy factory (powder production) stages. The results showed that raw milk production dominated energy and exergy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. An amount of 68.3% of the total net cumulative exergy consumption in the system was calculated for raw milk production. In the dairy factory process, the highest energy/exergy consumption occurred during spray drying, followed by evaporation and pasteurization. In these three processes, 98.3% of the total energy consumption, 94.6% of the total exergy consumption, and 95.7% of the total carbon dioxide emissions in powder production were realized. To investigate the improvement potentials in the system, replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources and using pasture feeding in animal husbandry were evaluated. While using alternative energy sources highly influenced powder production, pasture feeding had a high impact on consumption in raw milk production. By using renewable energy and pasture feeding, the exergy efficiency, cumulative degree of perfection, renewability index, and exergetic sustainability index values for the overall process increased from 40.5%, 0.282, −0.22, and 0.68 to 68.9%, 0.433, 0.65, and 2.21, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Whole Milk Powder Production by a Cumulative Exergy Consumption Approach

et al. 2023

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“…The specific exergy destruction for a triple effect evaporation unit and a single-stage drying unit was calculated to be 247.70 kJ/kg and 1,476.56 kJ/kg, while the energetic and exergetic efficiencies of the spray-drying chamber were found to be 87.71 and 61.04%, respectively. In another study reported by Singh et al (2021b), comparative thermodynamic analysis of two-and three-stage milk-drying units has been performed. Various thermodynamic parameters, such as exergy efficiency, drying efficiency, overall specific exergy destruction, and sustainability indices, were considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and Exergy Based Thermal Analysis of a Solar Assisted Yogurt Processing Unit

et al. 2022

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Energy and exergy based thermal analysis was conducted for a solar assisted yogurt processing unit capable of performing required heating and cooling processes in a single container. The system consisted of a round-shaped fermentation chamber connected with a hot water storage tank coupled with an evacuated tube collector and a pillow plate at the bottom of the chamber for cooling through a PV-operated refrigeration unit. Experiments were conducted using three different volumes of cow’s raw milk (30, 40, and 50 L). Energy analysis showed that 40% of the total energy was consumed during the heating process of raw milk in all cases, with an overall heat transfer efficiency of more than 80%. The specific product energy was calculated to be lower (485 kJ/kg) for the higher volume of milk (50 L). The exergy losses in the compressor of the refrigeration unit were calculated almost constant (1.0037 kW), while the exergy recovered during the refrigeration process was found in the range of 0.48–4.54 kJ/kg, 1.35–3.96 kJ/kg, and 0.84–6.18 kJ/kg for 50, 40, and 30 L of batches, respectively. Out of the total available power (2218 W) at the evacuated tube collector, 69.70% of energy was available for milk heating. The study is useful for designing optimization based on the distribution of energy and losses at various system components.

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Comparative exergoeconomic analysis of single, two and three stage spray drying systems

Singh

Tyagi

Pandey

et al. 2022

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Energetic and exergetic assessment of two- and three-stage spray drying units for milk processing industry

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Assessment of Whole Milk Powder Production by a Cumulative Exergy Consumption Approach

Assessment of Whole Milk Powder Production by a Cumulative Exergy Consumption Approach

Energy and Exergy Based Thermal Analysis of a Solar Assisted Yogurt Processing Unit

Comparative exergoeconomic analysis of single, two and three stage spray drying systems

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