Endurance training attenuates stress hormone responses to exercise in fasted rats

Winder, W. W.; Beattie, M. A.; Holman, R. T.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1982.243.1.r179

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…33,34 Prior investigations on endurance training have been shown to improve autonomic modulations 35 and BPs in human and animal populations after a myocardial infarction, 36 with borderline hypertension, 37 and in patients with chronic heart failure. 16,38,39 Therefore, it appears that these favourable autonomic changes occur in both healthy and diseased populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise training favourably affects autonomic and blood pressure responses during mental and physical stressors in African-American men

et al. 2008

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Aerobic exercise is a powerful mechanism by which cardiovascular and autonomic parameters may be improved. We sought to quantify the extent of benefit that could be achieved by a short-term monitored exercise regimen on several autonomic parameters during recognized mental and physical stressors in young normotensive African-American men matched for a family history of hypertension, a group at high risk for the development of hypertension. Autonomic modulations were derived using spectral decomposition of the electrocardiogram and beat-to-beat blood pressures (BPs). Arterial compliance was obtained using contour analysis of the radial artery pulse wave. The analysis of variance revealed that compared with a matched sedentary control group, aerobic capacity of the trained group significantly increased by 16%. Autonomic modulations, arterial compliance and BP responses significantly improved during some of the stressors, whereas no such improvements were seen in the control group. Attenuated responses, mediated through a favourable shift in sympathovagal balance and enhanced arterial compliance, provide mechanistic evidence of how certain variables may be improved due to aerobic conditioning in a population at high risk for the development of hypertension.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise training favourably affects autonomic and blood pressure responses during mental and physical stressors in African-American men

et al. 2008

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“…Liver perfusion. Perfusions were performed on livers from 24-h-fasted rats since during 24-h fasting, liver glycogen is reduced to a level that has been shown previously to minimise glucose production via glycogenolysis [11]. Rats were anaesthetised with sodium pentobarbital (Nembutal; Sanofi, Bad Segeberg, Germany) by intraperitoneal injection of 12 mg/100 g body weight in isotonic solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetyl-L-carnitine treatment stimulates oxygen consumption and biosynthetic function in perfused liver of young and old rats

Mollica

Iossa

Soboll

et al. 2001

CMLS, Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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The effect of treatment with acetyl-L-carnitine on hepatic mitochondrial respiration and biosynthetic function in perfused liver from young (90 days) and old (22-24 months) rats was studied. Rats were given a 1.5% (w/v) solution of acetyl-L-carnitine in their drinking water for 1 month and oxygen consumption together with the rate of gluconeogenesis, urea synthesis, and ketogenesis with and without added substrates were measured in perfused liver. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption was also assessed in liver homogenate and isolated mitochondria to determine the maximal capacity for oxidative phosphorylation. Acetyl-L-carnitine treatment almost completely restored the age-dependent decline in oxygen consumption, gluconeogenesis, urea synthesis, and ketogenesis found in perfused liver of old rats to the levels found in young rats. In addition, acetyl-L-carnitine treatment increased oxygen consumption and biosynthetic function in perfused liver from young rats. After acetyl-L-carnitine treatment, we found detectable 3-oxoacyl-CoA-transferase activity associated with a consumption of ketone bodies in young and old rats. Finally, oxygen consumption measured in homogenate and isolated mitochondria did not change with age and acetyl-L-carnitine treatment. Our results show that in perfused liver, acetyl-L-carnitine treatment slows the age-associated decline in mitochondrial respiration and biosynthetic function. In addition, treatment of young rats with acetyl-L-carnitine has a stimulating effect on liver metabolism, probably through an increase in ATP production.

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“…Endurance training also has physiological effects that may enable trained animals to cope better than untrained individuals with stress associated with hunger, obesity, disease, aging, and exercise (Tharp & Buuck, 1974;Galbo, Richter, Holst, & Christensen, 1977;Winder, Hickson, Hagberg, Ehsani, & McClane, 1979;Winder, Beattie, & Holman,, 1982;James, Kraegen, & Chisholm, 1984;Mazzeo et al, 1986). These physiological effects include changes in catecholamine response, increased sensitivity of catecholamine receptors, and enhanced insulin sensitivity.…”

Section: Intraspecific Genetic Variation Differential Development Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor training and physical fitness: Possible short‐ and long‐term influences on the development of individual differences in behavior

Bekoff

1988

Developmental Psychobiology

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Individual differences in the behavior of young and adult animals have been documented in diverse species. Possible sources of such variation are of interest to scientists representing many disciplines, including behavior, genetics, and population and evolutionary biology. Two variables that may be important in the ontogeny and maintenance of behavioral differences are (1) individual physical (aerobic and anaerobic) fitness and (2) possible genetic variations underlying individual abilities to engage in, and to benefit from, motor training early in life. The differential development of aerobic and anaerobic capacities may play a significant role in the ontogeny of individual differences in the performance of various motor skills. There also may be short- and long-term consequences of variations in physical fitness that influence individual abilities to perform energy demanding acts during aggressive encounters, interactions with prey or predators, and courtship and breeding. Genetic studies of a limited number of species indicate that specific genotypes are correlated with individual variations in motor performance, even among conspecifics. Multidisciplinary research concerning possible relationships among the ontogeny of physical fitness, genetics, and variations in behavior is needed. Recent work on the relationship between individual differences in physical fitness and variations in the behavior of adult cold-blooded vertebrates provides a good model for comparative research on warm-blooded species.

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Endurance training attenuates stress hormone responses to exercise in fasted rats

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Exercise training favourably affects autonomic and blood pressure responses during mental and physical stressors in African-American men

Exercise training favourably affects autonomic and blood pressure responses during mental and physical stressors in African-American men

Acetyl-L-carnitine treatment stimulates oxygen consumption and biosynthetic function in perfused liver of young and old rats

Motor training and physical fitness: Possible short‐ and long‐term influences on the development of individual differences in behavior

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