Endurance of simulated winter conditions by age-0 walleye pollock: effects of body size, water temperature and energy stores

Sogard, Susan M.

doi:10.1006/jfbi.1999.1136

Cited by 48 publications

(75 citation statements)

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“…Trout held at lower temperatures tend to exhibit slower metabolism that may allow them to survive longer periods without food. Similarly, other fish have shown minimal change in lipid levels over a similar time period under simulated winter conditions (Sogard and Olla 2000). The trout in our experiment were relatively sedentary due to the lack of any substantial flow in the experimental tanks.…”

Section: Seasonal Body Composition Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 58%

Possible Seasonal Population Bottlenecks In Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Central Appalachian Headwater Streams

Webster

Hartman

2007

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the Appalachian Mountains often inhabit low production streams that limit growth. Therefore, we examined seasonal changes in body composition of age-1 and older brook trout to identify critical periods of growth or depletion that may lead to mortality and determined if brook trout in headwater streams reached critical levels of resource depletion over winter. Six streams in the central Appalachian Mountains in West Virginia containing naturally reproducing brook trout were sampled from June 2003 to March 2004 to assess changes in brook trout populations and physiological status. Dry, protein, and fat weights were highest in early summer (June) and decreased through the November/ December sampling period. To better understand trout compositional changes over winter, we starved 40 brook trout in experimental tanks simulating winter conditions and estimated body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis. We found low rates of fat and protein loss during simulated winter conditions. This, coupled with field estimates of fat and protein levels in wild fish, suggests that brook trout do not likely starve during winter or other times of the year.

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Section: Seasonal Body Composition Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 58%

Possible Seasonal Population Bottlenecks In Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Central Appalachian Headwater Streams

Webster

Hartman

2007

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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“…On an individual basis, larger fish generally have higher survival rates because of their ability to hold better territories (Hughes 1992), evade predation, and have higher energy reserves to withstand overwintering conditions (Cargnelli and Gross 1997;Sogard and Olla 2000). As there were substantial changes in the size structure of the population, we expected there to be a relationship between fish size and survival but were unable to demonstrate this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Long-term survival of adult Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in the Kuparuk River, Alaska

Buzby¹,

Deegan²

2004

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Abstract:In many long-lived species such as Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus), population growth rate is most sensitive to changes in adult survival probabilities. Understanding the factors that regulate adult survival in this species should provide insight into the population dynamics of this and other long-lived Arctic species. Using the program MARK, we analyzed 17 years of mark-recapture data to estimate survival rates for Arctic grayling in the Kuparuk River, Alaska, from 1985 to 2000. Mean annual survival rates overall ranged from 0.39 to 1.0 and averaged 0.71 ± 0.05 for resident and 0.75 ± 0.05 for nonresident fish. Spending the summer in the more productive fertilized zone of the experimental reach had no influence on survival despite higher productivity on all trophic levels and consistently higher growth rates in Arctic grayling. None of the environmental (stream temperature, discharge, winter severity, and incidence of drought) or population parameters (growth, condition factor, and mean fish size) that we examined explained significant amounts of variance in survival rates. The lack of responsiveness of survival to annual environmental conditions was unexpected and suggests that multiyear factors or life history tactics that maintain survival at the expense of growth and fecundity likely determine survival. Résumé :Chez plusieurs espèces à forte longévité, telles que l'ombre arctique (Thymalus arcticus), le taux de croissance de la population est particulièrement sensible aux changements de probabilité de survie des adultes. La compré-hension des facteurs qui contrôlent la survie des adultes chez cette espèce devrait fournir des perspectives sur la dynamique de population de cette espèce et d'autres espèces arctiques qui vivent longtemps. À l'aide du logiciel MARK, nous avons analysé des données de marquage-recapture étalées sur 17 années afin d'estimer les taux de survie des ombres arctiques de la rivière Kurapuk de 1985 à 2000. Les taux moyens annuels de survie varient dans l'ensemble de 0,39 à 1,0; ils sont en moyenne de 0,71 ± 0,05 pour les poissons résidants et de 0,75 ± 0,05 pour les non résidants. Le passage de l'été dans la section enrichie et plus productive de la zone expérimentale n'influence pas la survie, malgré une productivité accrue de tous les niveaux trophiques et des taux de croissance uniformément plus élevés chez l'ombre arctique. Aucune des variables examinées de l'environnement (température du cours d'eau, débit, rigueur de l'hiver, présence de sécheresses) ou de la population (croissance, coefficient de condition, taille moyenne des poissons) n'explique de partie significative de la variance des taux de survie. Ce manque de réaction de la survie aux conditions annuelles du milieu est inattendu et il laisse croire que la survie est déterminée par des variables ou des tactiques démographiques qui agissent sur plusieurs années pour maintenir la survie aux dépens de la croissance et de la fécondité.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Buzby and Deegan 1964

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“…Since smaller fish exhaust stored energy more quickly than larger fish, due to both fewer reserves and a higher metabolic rate (Paul 1986), smaller fish need to ingest food more frequently than larger fish. In a laboratory experiment, > 80% of overwintering juvenile pollock endured starvation for > 200 d at a temperature of 0.5°C (Sogard & Olla 2000). However, water temperature during winter tends to be higher (~3°C) in the Doto area (Kono & Kawasaki 1997.…”

Section: Implications For the Seasonal Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Diets of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in the Doto area, northern Japan: ontogenetic and seasonal variations

Yamamura

Honda²,

Shida³

et al. 2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Seasonal, ontogenetic and bathymetric variations of diet were examined for walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma based on a total of 6666 fish collected off the southeastern coast of Hokkaido Island, northern Japan (Doto area) during 1989 to 2000. Walleye pollock depended exclusively (> 99%) on pelagic prey and showed a clear ontogenetic dietary shift: smaller fish depended mainly upon mesozooplankton such as Neocalanus cristatus and Euphausia pacifica, and larger fish preyed upon pollock (cannibalism), myctophids Diaphus theta and firefly squid Watasenia scintillans. Seasonal variation was also evident. Smaller pollock depended mainly upon N. cristatus during spring then shifted gradually to E. pacifica during other seasons. For larger pollock, major prey shifted from pollock (cannibalism) during spring to micronekton during other seasons. Bathymetric variation was less pronounced, with cannibalism and Themisto spp. being more important in the shallow area (≤150 m). Feeding intensity, measured as stomach content index, was generally higher during spring and summer than autumn and winter, but showed incidentally high values during winter, suggesting sporadic but intense feeding opportunities. Fish condition fell during winter and then recovered rapidly during May and June. Recovery coincided with superabundance of N. cristatus during blooming, so that this species is essential for the recovery of pollock from wintering and spawning. KEY WORDS: Theragra chalcogramma · Food habits · Seasonality · Feeding intensity · ConditionResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Endurance of simulated winter conditions by age-0 walleye pollock: effects of body size, water temperature and energy stores

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Possible Seasonal Population Bottlenecks In Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Central Appalachian Headwater Streams

Possible Seasonal Population Bottlenecks In Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Central Appalachian Headwater Streams

Long-term survival of adult Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in the Kuparuk River, Alaska

Diets of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in the Doto area, northern Japan: ontogenetic and seasonal variations

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