Endozoochorous dispersal of alien and native plants by two palearctic avian frugivores with special emphasis on invasive giant goldenrod Solidago gigantea

Czarnecka, Joanna; Orłowski, Grzegorz; Karg, Jerzy

doi:10.2478/s11535-012-0081-9

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Consistent with other studies M. alba (Jordaan et al 2012) and C. camphora (Panetta 2001) seeds greatly benefited from higher germination percentage due to pulp-removal. The seeds of many other invasive plant species have also been shown to benefit from ingestion by birds (Daehler 2003;Corlett 2005;Bartuszevige and Gorchov 2006;Chimera and Drake 2010;Aslan 2011;Combs et al 2011;Carrion-Tacuri et al 2012;Czarnecka et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process of seed dispersal by avian frugivores usually involves the consumption of pulp and regurgitation or excretion of intact seeds (D'Avila et al 2010;Fedriani et al 2011;Czarnecka et al 2012). This process is mutually beneficial as plants benefit from seed dispersal away from the parent plant to locations with fewer pathogens (Wenny 2001;Aslan 2011;Fricke et al 2013) while frugivores benefit from important food resources and energy rewards (Jordaan et al 2011b; Mokotjomela et al 2013a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ingestion by an invasive parakeet species reduces germination success of invasive alien plants relative to ingestion by indigenous turaco species in South Africa

et al. 2015

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Avian frugivores play a key role in seed dispersal of many plant species, including invasive alien plants. We assessed the effect of gut passage on the germination of selected invasive alien plant species in South Africa. Fruits of four fleshly-fruited invasive alien plant species: Solanum mauritianum, Cinnamomum camphora, Psidium guajava, and Morus alba, were fed to two species of indigenous turacos, Knysna (Tauraco corythaix) and purple-crested (Gallirex porphyreolophus) turacos, and to invasive roseringed parakeets (Psittacula krameri). Seed retention time was determined as this can influence both seed dispersal and germination success. Germination success of ingested seeds was compared with that of manually de-pulped seeds, as well as to seeds in whole fruit. The germination success of seeds of all the invasive plant species increased significantly after ingestion by both turaco species compared with seeds from whole fruits. Germination success of manually de-pulped seeds did not differ significantly from that of turaco ingested seeds. In contrast, seed passage through the digestive tract of rose-ringed parakeets significantly reduced germination success and viability of ingested invasive plant species. Our results suggest that Knysna and purple-crested turacos are legitimate seed dispersers of fleshy-fruited invasive plants, while rose-ringed parakeets are mainly seed predators. Although seed predation by rose-ringed parakeets negatively affects the reproductive success of these plants, it is unlikely that this will suppress the spread of these invasive alien plants in South Africa as they are already well established. Furthermore, they can facilitate dispersal by seed regurgitation and dropping uneaten fruits away from the parent plant. Similar trends could be expected for indigenous seeds that rose-ringed parakeets feed on and therefore these birds remain a negative influence within invaded ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ingestion by an invasive parakeet species reduces germination success of invasive alien plants relative to ingestion by indigenous turaco species in South Africa

et al. 2015

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“…Our results confirm the findings on seed features (low mass and compact shape) that facilitate their passage through the digestive tract of mammalian herbivores or large omnivorous birds (Janzen 1984;Pakeman et al 2002;Bruun and Poschlod 2006;Calviño-Cancela et al 2006). One needs to realise that only a small fraction of seeds consumed by granivorous birds remain undamaged after passage through the digestive tract (we calculated this as 0.3 % of Amaranthus retroflexus seeds consumed by Grey Partridge) and only 17 % of recovered seeds germinated (however, the germination tests of these seeds were performed nearly 3 years after the faeces had been collected; Grime et al (1996), if the species was absent there (*) dispersal mode was classified on the base of external adaptations of diaspores: A anemochory (dispersed by wind, with wings or plumes, also the smallest seeds with no dispersal adaptations), B barochory (dispersed by gravity), Ep epizoochory (dispersed by adhesion, with hooks, hairs or awns or adhesive through the secretion of mucilage), H hydrochory (dispersed by water) c Seed mass (mean value for one-seeded generative dispersule) and data to calculate seed shape index according to LEDA Traitbase (Kleyer et al 2008 (Czarnecka et al 2012) and in pellets of the omnivorous Rook Corvus frugilegus (Czarnecka et al 2010(Czarnecka et al , 2013a also demonstrated that seeds of dry-fruited species were able to germinate (20 and 15 % of seeds found in the droppings of Grey Partridge and Eurasian Blackbird respectively, 34 % in Rook pellets; the particular percentage of germinating seeds depended on the plant species). Similarly, Holmes and Froud-Williams (2001) demonstrated that small-seeded plants (such as Stellaria media, found in our sample, too; cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of endozoochory in three avian seed predators

et al. 2015

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The role of granivorous birds as agents of seed dispersal has been little explored and is poorly understood. We assessed the ability of three species of birds from a Central European agricultural landscape to disperse seeds of dry-fruited plants. We hypothesised that Grey Partridge Perdix perdix is a better seed disperser than either of two species of buntings-Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella and Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus-in terms of the number of intact seeds recovered from their droppings. Partridge droppings contained the highest number of intact seeds. Surprisingly, however, the number of intact seeds per 1 g of droppings was the highest in Reed Bunting, smaller in Grey Partridge and the smallest in Yellowhammer. Our findings suggest that the passage of intact seeds of dryfruited plants through the digestive tract of seed-eating birds is most likely an effect of limited digestion, resulting from the intake of a large volume of seeds, a small part of which remains undigested. This effect could be magnified by the inclusion in the diet of some items of different digestibility (invertebrates or leaves). We suggest that non-standard dispersal of seeds with no adaptations to endozoochory by birds is a far more frequent and as yet under-appreciated phenomenon, which has potential ecological implications for the colonisation of new habitats/islands by plants. The ultimate elucidation of this process is extremely difficult and would require large sets of faeces to be examined.

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“…Obviously, natural vectors are, and probably will continue to be, important in the spread of alien species. Wind, native dispersers and floods may enhance dispersal of alien species [34] – [37] , especially in more traditional landscapes and regions or countries where internet sale is still not well developed. However, if the development of internet web progress these regions will be threaten by invasions of alien species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Internet Commerce on Dispersal Modes of Invasive Alien Species

et al. 2014

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The spread of invasive alien plants has considerable environmental and economic consequences, and is one of the most challenging ecological problems. The spread of invasive alien plant species depends largely on long-distance dispersal, which is typically linked with human activity. The increasing domination of the internet will have impacts upon almost all components of our lives, including potential consequences for the spread of invasive species. To determine whether the rise of Internet commerce has any consequences for the spread of invasive alien plant species, we studied the sale of thirteen of some of the most harmful Europe invasive alien plant species sold as decorative plants from twenty-eight large, well known gardening shops in Poland that sold both via the Internet and through traditional customer sales. We also analyzed temporal changes in the number of invasive plants sold in the largest Polish internet auction portal. When sold through the Internet invasive alien plant species were transported considerably longer distances than for traditional sales. For internet sales, seeds of invasive alien plant species were transported further than were live plants saplings; this was not the case for traditional sales. Also, with e-commerce the shape of distance distribution were flattened with low skewness comparing with traditional sale where the distributions were peaked and right-skewed. Thus, e-commerce created novel modes of long-distance dispersal, while traditional sale resembled more natural dispersal modes. Moreover, analysis of sale in the biggest Polish internet auction portal showed that the number of alien specimens sold via the internet has increased markedly over recent years. Therefore internet commerce is likely to increase the rate at which ecological communities become homogenized and increase spread of invasive species by increasing the rate of long distance dispersal.

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Endozoochorous dispersal of alien and native plants by two palearctic avian frugivores with special emphasis on invasive giant goldenrod Solidago gigantea

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Ingestion by an invasive parakeet species reduces germination success of invasive alien plants relative to ingestion by indigenous turaco species in South Africa

Ingestion by an invasive parakeet species reduces germination success of invasive alien plants relative to ingestion by indigenous turaco species in South Africa

The effectiveness of endozoochory in three avian seed predators

Effect of the Internet Commerce on Dispersal Modes of Invasive Alien Species

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