Endozoicomonas atrinae sp. nov., isolated from the intestine of a comb pen shell Atrina pectinata

Abstract

Endozoicomonas atrinae sp. nov., isolated from the intestine of a comb pen shell Atrina pectinata A novel bacterium, designated strain WP70 T , was isolated from the gut of a comb pen shell (Atrina pectinata) collected from the southern sea of Yeosu in Korea. The isolate was Gram-stainnegative, aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain WP70 T belonged to the genus Endozoicomonas. The highest level of sequence similarity (98.4 %) was shared with Endozoicomonas elysicola MKT110 T . Optimal growth occurred in 2 % (w/v) NaCl at 30 6C and at pH 7. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C 16 : 1 v7c and/or C 16 : 1 v6c), summed feature 8 (C 18 : 1 v7c and/or C 18 : 1 v6c) and C 16 : 0 . The main respiratory quinone was Q-9. The polar lipids comprised phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, three unidentified phospholipids, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified aminophospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 50.5 mol% and DNA-DNA hybridization values indicated ,11 % genomic relatedness to the closest species. Physiological, biochemical, chemotaxonomic and genotypic analyses indicated that strain WP70 T represents a novel species of the genus Endozoicomonas, for which the name Endozoicomonas atrinae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WP70 T (5KACC 17474 T 5JCM 19190 T ).The genus Endozoicomonas belongs to the order Oceanospirillales within the class Gammaproteobacteria, and was first proposed by Kurahashi & Yokota (2007). Members of the genus Endozoicomonas are Gram-stain-negative and strictly aerobic or facultatively anaerobic rod-shaped bacteria, and at the time of writing there are five species of the genus with validly published names: Endozoicomonas elysicola (Kurahashi & Yokota, 2007), Endozoicomonas montiporae (Yang et al., 2010), Endozoicomonas numazuensis (Nishijima et al., 2013), Endozoicomonas euniceicola and Endozoicomonas gorgoniicola (Pike et al., 2013). All species of the genus Endozoicomonas were isolated from marine environments; sources include sponges (Nishijima et al., 2013), corals (Pike et al., 2013, Yang et al., 2010 and sea slugs (Kurahashi & Yokota, 2007).The comb pen shell (Atrina pectinata) belongs to the Pinnidae family, and is a large wedge-or fan-shaped suspension-feeding bivalve (Okutani, 1997), which is a valuable seafood resource in Korea, China and Japan. It is distributed throughout the coastal waters of East Asia, and its habitat ranges from muddy-to-sandy sediments to tidal flats or shallow subtidal environments up to 20 m deep (Yurimoto et al., 2003). Although three bacterial species have been isolated from Atrina pectinata-associated sources, Agromyces atrinae and Kocuria atrinae from fermented Atrina pectinata seafood (Park et al., 2010a, b) and Polaribacter atrinae from the gut of Atrina pectinata (Hyun et al., 2014), information about the microbiota within live comb pen shells is limited. Here, a novel Endozoicomonaslike ...

Whole gut microbiome composition of damselfish and cardinalfish before and after reef settlement

“…To our knowledge, this is the first report of Endozoicomonaceae occupying a large proportion of the fish gut microbiome. Bacteria of this family, within the widely distributed Oceanospiralles group, exhibit diverse heterotrophic metabolisms (Neave et al, 2014) and are commonly identified as symbionts in marine invertebrates (Bayer et al, 2013a; Bayer et al, 2013b; Forget & Kim Juniper, 2013; Nishijima et al, 2013; Beinart et al, 2014; Hyun et al, 2014), suggesting invertebrate prey as a potential vector of transport into the fish microbiome. The functional properties and potential for long-term residency of these bacteria in reef fishes remain to be verified.…”

Dominance of Endozoicomonas bacteria throughout coral bleaching and mortality suggests structural inflexibility of the Pocillopora verrucosa microbiome

“…More generally, Endozoicomonas are commonly assumed to provide an important role in coral holobiont functioning due to their widespread prevalence and high abundance in many coral species (Bayer et al., 2013; Gignoux‐Wolfsohn, Aronson, & Vollmer, 2017; Glasl et al., 2016; Jessen et al., 2013; Meyer, Gunasekera, Scott, Paul, & Teplitski, 2016; Neave et al., 2016; Neave, Rachmawati, et al., 2017) and apparent metabolic versatility (Ding, Shiu, Chen, Chiang, & Tang, 2016; Hyun et al., 2014; Neave, Michell, et al., 2017; Yang et al., 2010). Further, reductions in the abundance of Endozoicomonas in stressed, diseased, or bleached corals are reported in a number of studies, suggesting that pervasive abundance of Endozoicomonas might be an indicator of habitat suitability (Bourne et al., 2008; Cárdenas et al., 2012; Gignoux‐Wolfsohn et al., 2017; Meyer et al., 2016; Morrow et al., 2014; Roder et al., 2015; Röthig et al., 2016; Ziegler et al., 2016).…”

Whole-Genome Sequences of Three Symbiotic Endozoicomonas Strains

“…( Gammaproteobacteria ; Oceanospirillales ) are dominant members of the bacterial community associated with diverse marine invertebrates, including corals (1–6), sponges (7), gorgonians (8, 9), molluscs (10–13), and tubeworms (14), as well as a basal chordate (15). In some hosts, these bacteria have been observed intracellularly (2, 11, 13).…”

“…Clarifying the functional capabilities of Endozoicomonas has been challenging because they reside in or on a host organism and can be difficult to culture (6). Only a handful of isolates are available in culture collections (7, 10, 12, 18, 19). Thus, metagenomic or single-cell analyses may be useful techniques for assessing the genomic capabilities of these bacteria; however, a lack of genetic resources hampers these approaches.…”