Endotoxin and nanobacteria in polycystic kidney disease

Hjelle, J. Thomas; Miller-Hjelle, Marcia A.; Poxton, Ian R.; Kajander, E. Olavi; Çiftçioğlu, Neva; Jones, Monica L.; Caughey, R.C.; Brown, Robert A.; Millikin, Paul D.; Darras, Frank

doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00096.x

Cited by 87 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…2B). 3 aggregates that bear striking resemblance to the purported nanobacteria presented in the literature (2,3).…”

Section: Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles Morphologically Similar Tomentioning

confidence: 76%

“…3B); this initial increase in optical density leveled off after day 12, and by day 16, all three conditions produced comparable optical densities (Fig. 3B), indicating that HCO 3 Ϫ might have reached comparable concentration levels in all three experimental conditions through the gradual equilibration of CO 2 in the medium.…”

Section: Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles Morphologically Similar Tomentioning

confidence: 77%

“…They are thought to react with a bacterial porin-like protein synthesized by these nanoentities (3). Surprisingly, experiments attempting to identify the exact nature of this antigenic reactivity have never been reported, and yet the same antibodies were used in past studies to affirm the presence of nanobacteria (3,5,7). We first observed that antibody 8D10 reacted with NLP obtained after pelleting the material from 1-month-old culture (Fig.…”

Section: Nanobacteria-specific Antibodies React With Human Serum Albuminmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…We were also intrigued by earlier publications describing the use of monoclonal antibodies specific for nanobacteria, now commercially available through Nanobac Oy (3,10). These antibodies were obtained from splenocyte hybridoma cells of mice that were immunized with purified nanobacteria of bovine origin and fused with the myeloma strain P3 ϫ 63-Ag-8.653 (10).…”

Section: Nanobacteria-specific Antibodies React With Human Serum Albuminmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These antibodies were obtained from splenocyte hybridoma cells of mice that were immunized with purified nanobacteria of bovine origin and fused with the myeloma strain P3 ϫ 63-Ag-8.653 (10). They are thought to react with a bacterial porin-like protein synthesized by these nanoentities (3). Surprisingly, experiments attempting to identify the exact nature of this antigenic reactivity have never been reported, and yet the same antibodies were used in past studies to affirm the presence of nanobacteria (3,5,7).…”

Section: Nanobacteria-specific Antibodies React With Human Serum Albuminmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Purported nanobacteria in human blood as calcium carbonate nanoparticles

Martel

Young

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

129

155

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Recent evidence suggests a role for nanobacteria in a growing number of human diseases, including renal stone formation, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This large body of research studies promotes the view that nanobacteria are not only alive but that they are associated with disease pathogenesis. However, it is still unclear whether they represent novel life forms, overlooked nanometer-size bacteria, or some other primitive self-replicating microorganisms. Here, we report that CaCO 3 precipitates prepared in vitro are remarkably similar to purported nanobacteria in terms of their uniformly sized, membrane-delineated vesicular shapes, with cellular division-like formations and aggregations in the form of colonies. The gradual appearance of nanobacteria-like particles in incubated human serum as well as the changes seen with their size and shape can be influenced and explained by introducing varying levels of CO 2 and NaHCO 3 as well as other conditions known to influence the precipitation of CaCO 3 . Western blotting reveals that the monoclonal antibodies, claimed to be specific for nanobacteria, react in fact with serum albumin. Furthermore, nanobacteria-like particles obtained from human blood are able to withstand high doses of γ-irradiation up to 30 kGy, and no bacterial DNA is found by performing broad-range PCR amplifications. Collectively, our results provide a more plausible abiotic explanation for the unusual properties of purported nanobacteria.

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“…2B). 3 aggregates that bear striking resemblance to the purported nanobacteria presented in the literature (2,3).…”

Section: Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles Morphologically Similar Tomentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles Morphologically Similar Tomentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Nanobacteria-specific Antibodies React With Human Serum Albuminmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Nanobacteria-specific Antibodies React With Human Serum Albuminmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nanobacteria-specific Antibodies React With Human Serum Albuminmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Purported nanobacteria in human blood as calcium carbonate nanoparticles

Martel

Young

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

129

155

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A preliminary study on calcifying nanoparticles in dental plaque: Isolation, characterization, and potential mineralization mechanism

Wang,

Yang,

Bai

et al. 2024

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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ObjectivesCalcifying nanoparticles (CNPs), referred to as nanobacteria (NB), are recognized to be associated with ectopic calcification. This study aims to isolate and culture CNPs from the dental plaque of patients with periodontal disease and investigate their possible role in unravelling the aetiology of periodontal disease.Material and MethodsSupragingival and subgingival plaques were sampled from 30 periodontitis patients for CNPs isolation and culture. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content changes were tracked over time. Positive samples underwent thorough morphological identification via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Alizarin red S (ARS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The chemical composition of CNPs analysis involved calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) content determination, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD).ResultsThe subgingival plaque dental group exhibited a higher CNPs isolation rate at 36.67% (11/30) compared to the supragingival dental plaque group at 66.67% (20/30). ALP activity varied among the positive, negative and control groups. Morphological observation characterized the CNPs as round, oval, and ellipsoid particles with Ca deposits. Chemical analysis revealed the Ca/P ratio was 0.6753. Hydroxyl, methyl, carbonate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, and dihydrogen phosphate were detected by FTIR; the main chemical components detected by XRD were hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate.ConclusionCNPs were found in periodontitis‐related dental plaque and exhibited the potential to develop calcified structures resembling dental calculus. However, the potential involvement of ALP in CNPs formation requires deeper exploration, as does the precise nature of its role and the interrelation with periodontitis demand a further comprehensive investigation.

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