Endothelin, astrocytes and glaucoma

Prasanna, Ganesh; Krishnamoorthy, Raghu R; Yorio, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2010.09.006

Cited by 78 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Some studies, using different animal models, could successfully provoke an optic disc impairment and enlargement of the excavation through ET-1 induced ischemia [18,19]. Another damaging mechanism of ET-1 on the optic disc is proposed by Prasanna et al [12,20]. It states that the increased proliferation of astrocytes under the influence of ET-1 causes hypoperfusion, which makes the optic disc more vulnerable to the intraocular pressure (IOP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma endothelin-1 and endothelin-A receptor concentrations in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma

Mihaylova

Petkova

Rankova-Yotova

et al. 2017

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor and is considered to have a key role in the regulation of ocular perfusion and glaucoma pathogenesis. High ET-1 and ET A -receptor levels are reported in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). We compared the mean plasma ET-1 and ET Areceptor concentration of controls and patients with early and advanced POAG stage, and assessed the correlation with the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness. The study included a total of 75 participants, aged 45-83 years: 25 (controls), 22 (early glaucoma) and 28 (advanced glaucoma). The plasma concentration of ET-1 and ET A -receptor was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The RNFL thickness was evaluated with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. The mean ET-1 concentration was lower in the control group (4.88 § 1.75 pg/mL) than in the early and advanced POAG group (6.33 § 2.38 and 6.34 § 1.56 pg/mL). Statistically significant difference was found between the mean ET-1 concentrations in controls and glaucoma patients (p = 0.029 -early glaucoma, p = 0.018 -advanced glaucoma), and no significant difference was observed between the two POAG groups (p = 0.998). The mean ET A -receptor concentration was highest in the control group (1209.28 § 314.48 pg/mL) and the differences between the three groups were significant. Significant relationship was found only between ET-1 and RNFL. This study demonstrated the role of ET-1 in glaucoma pathogenesis based on the observed significant high ET-1 and ET A -receptor plasma levels in POAG patients. A new therapeutical approach needs to be considered in some patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma endothelin-1 and endothelin-A receptor concentrations in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma

Mihaylova

Petkova

Rankova-Yotova

et al. 2017

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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“…[10][11][12] Ocular astrocytes are thought to contribute to both homeostatic functions of the RGCs and optic nerve, as well as directly contributing to the pathophysiology resulting in damage to both ganglion cells and optic nerve. [10][11][12][13] Astrocytes, and glial cells in general, are the interface between neurons and vasculature and thus are strategic key regulators of the nutrition and metabolism of RGCs and the optic nerve. 14 In glaucoma the communication between RGCs and these supportive glial cells is strongly disturbed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Idebenone Prevents Human Optic Nerve Head Astrocytes From Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Senescence by Stabilizing BAX/Bcl-2 Ratio

Kernt

Arend

Buerger

et al. 2013

Journal of Glaucoma

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Purpose: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases including glaucoma. Astrocytes are supposed to play a role in glaucoma pathogenesis. This study investigates the antiapoptotic and cytoprotective effects of idebenone on optic nerve head astrocytes (ONHA) under oxidative stress.Methods: ONHA were treated with 1 to 150 mM idebenone. Cell viability (MTT assay and live-dead assay), induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species, senescence-associated b-galactosidase activity were investigated. In addition, apoptosis (detection of histone-associated DNA fragmentation), and expression of BAX and Bcl-2, and their mRNA were determined after 48 hours and after hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) treatment.Results: Idebenone concentrations from 1 to 50 mM showed no effects on ONHA viability. Pretreatment with 10 mM idebenone led to an increase in viability of ONHA after H 2 O 2 treatment. In addition, idebenone pretreatment significantly attenuated the increase of histone-associated DNA fragmentation, induction of senescence-associated b-galactosidase, and intracellular reactive oxygen species after treatment with H 2 O 2 . When ONHA cells were treated with idebenone and H 2 O 2 , real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis yielded an increased expression of Bcl-2 and a decrease of BAX compared with those cells that were treated with H 2 O 2 only.Conclusions: Idebenone reduced senescence, oxidative stress, and apoptotic cell death in cultured ONHA in vitro. Our results suggest that idebenone may help to protect ONHA in vivo, and therefore might be helpful in preventing the progression of glaucomatous degeneration.

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“…Chronic local administration of ET-1 to the optic nerve head reduces optic nerve head blood flow and is associated with a loss of retinal ganglion cells (52). In addition to these vascular effects, ET-1 is implicated in pathological changes in the retina such as neuronal cell apoptosis, microvascular basement membrane thickening, and gliosis (53). Furthermore, ET-1 contributes to the regulation of IOP through effects on the trabecular meshwork, which is the main route for the outflow of aqueous humor from the eye.…”

Section: Endothelin-1 (Et-1)-receptor Antagonistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurovascular Interactions in the Retina: Physiological and Pathological Roles

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Increasing evidence suggests that the complex interactions among multiple cell types including neuronal, glial, and vascular cells, are critical for maintaining adequate cerebral blood flow that is necessary for normal brain function and survival. The disturbance of these interactions contributes to the pathogenesis of central nervous system disorders such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease. The retina is part of the central nervous system, and the properties of vasculature in the retina are similar to those in the brain. The interactions among multiple cell types in the retina also play an important role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, and the impairment of interactions can contribute to the onset and/or progression of retinal diseases. In this review, we describe the neurovascular interactions in the retina and alternations of interactions in pathological conditions such as diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma.

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Endothelin, astrocytes and glaucoma

Cited by 78 publications

References 84 publications

Plasma endothelin-1 and endothelin-A receptor concentrations in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma

Plasma endothelin-1 and endothelin-A receptor concentrations in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma

Idebenone Prevents Human Optic Nerve Head Astrocytes From Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Senescence by Stabilizing BAX/Bcl-2 Ratio

Neurovascular Interactions in the Retina: Physiological and Pathological Roles

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