Endothelial vasodilatation in newborns is related to body size and maternal hypertension

Touwslager, Robbert N.H.; Houben, Alfons J.H.M.; Gielen, Marij; Stehouwer, Coen D. A.; Zimmermann, Luc J. I.; Kessels, Alfons G.H.; Gerver, Willem‐Jan M.; Blanco, Carlos E.; Mulder, A. L. M.

doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e32834d75c6

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, biometrics in newborns' development is an important factor linked to cardiovascular risk. Touwslager et al [30] demonstrated that birth weight, length, and head circumference of the infants were associated with impaired endothelial vasodilatation, that is, an early marker of atherosclerosis. Our findings seem to complete those of Touwslager et al: we demonstrated that birth weight, length, and head circumference were all related to morphological alterations of the newborns' vasculature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aorta Structural Alterations in Term Neonates: The Role of Birth and Maternal Characteristics

Ciccone

Scicchitano

Salerno

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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Aim. To evaluate the influence of selected maternal and neonatal characteristics on aorta walls in term, appropriately grown-for-gestational age newborns. Methods. Age, parity, previous abortions, weight, height, body mass index before and after delivery, smoking, and history of hypertension, of diabetes, of cardiovascular diseases, and of dyslipidemia were all assessed in seventy mothers. They delivered 34 males and 36 females healthy term newborns who underwent ultrasound evaluation of the anteroposterior infrarenal abdominal aorta diameter (APAO), biochemical profile (glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fibrinogen, and D-dimers homeostasis model assessment [HOMAIR]index), and biometric parameters. Results. APAO was related to newborn length (r = +0.36; P = 0.001), head circumference (r = +0.37; P = 0.001), gestational age (r = +0.40, P = 0.0005), HOMA index (r = +0.24; P = 0.04), and D-dimers (r = +0.33, P = 0.004). Smoke influenced APAO values (odds ratio: 1.80; confidence interval 95%: 1.05–3.30), as well as diabetes during pregnancy (r = +0.42, P = 0.0002). Maternal height influenced neonatal APAO (r = +0.47, P = 0.00003). Multiple regression analysis outlined neonatal D-dimers as still significantly related to neonatal APAO values. Conclusions. Many maternal and neonatal characteristics could influence aorta structures. Neonatal D-dimers are independently related to APAO.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aorta Structural Alterations in Term Neonates: The Role of Birth and Maternal Characteristics

Ciccone

Scicchitano

Salerno

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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“…Indeed, skin endotheliumdependent vasodilation to Ach has been found to be inversely associated with body weight and size in newborns. 99,100 In contrast, functional and structural skin capillary densities seem to be higher in low birth weight as compared with normal birth weight newborns, 101 although at prepubertal age this seems to be reversed. 102 In addition, adults who were born preterm show reduced skin capillary densities, 103 and retinal arteriolar diameters and vascularization.…”

Section: Low Birth Weightmentioning

confidence: 97%

Assessing Microvascular Function in Humans from a Chronic Disease Perspective

Houben

Martens

Stehouwer

2017

JASN

Self Cite

101

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Microvascular dysfunction (MVD) is considered a crucial pathway in the development and progression of cardiometabolic and renal disease and is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. MVD often coexists with or even precedes macrovascular disease, possibly due to shared mechanisms of vascular damage, such as inflammatory processes and oxidative stress. One of the first events in MVD is endothelial dysfunction. With the use of different physiologic or pharmacologic stimuli, endothelium-dependent (micro)vascular reactivity can be studied. This reactivity depends on the balance between various mediators, including nitric oxide, endothelin, and prostanoids, among others. The measurement of microvascular (endothelial) function is important to understand the pathophysiologic mechanisms that contribute to MVD and the role of MVD in the development and progression of cardiometabolic/renal disease. Here, we review a selection of direct, noninvasive techniques for measuring human microcirculation, with a focus on methods, interpretation, and limitations from the perspective of chronic cardiometabolic and renal disease.

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“…Only one study, in children between 9 and 10 years of age, has not been able to demonstrate this difference in endothelial response [15]. Recently, it has been reported that there are endothelium-dependent differences evident within the microvasculature in offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies during neonatal life [115], and evidence has been found of endothelial activation at birth based on cord blood analysis [116]. …”

Section: Mechanism Of Long-term Programing? the Cardiovascular Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-eclampsia and offspring cardiovascular health: mechanistic insights from experimental studies

et al. 2012

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Pre-eclampsia is increasingly recognized as more than an isolated disease of pregnancy. Women who have had a pregnancy complicated by pre-eclampsia have a 4-fold increased risk of later cardiovascular disease. Intriguingly, the offspring of affected pregnancies also have an increased risk of higher blood pressure and almost double the risk of stroke in later life. Experimental approaches to identify the key features of pre-eclampsia responsible for this programming of offspring cardiovascular health, or the key biological pathways modified in the offspring, have the potential to highlight novel targets for early primary prevention strategies. As pre-eclampsia occurs in 2–5% of all pregnancies, the findings are relevant to the current healthcare of up to 3 million people in the U.K. and 15 million people in the U.S.A. In the present paper, we review the current literature that concerns potential mechanisms for adverse cardiovascular programming in offspring exposed to pre-eclampsia, considering two major areas of investigation: first, experimental models that mimic features of the in utero environment characteristic of pre-eclampsia, and secondly, how, in humans, offspring cardiovascular phenotype is altered after exposure to pre-eclampsia. We compare and contrast the findings from these two bodies of work to develop insights into the likely key pathways of relevance. The present review and analysis highlights the pivotal role of long-term changes in vascular function and identifies areas of growing interest, specifically, response to hypoxia, immune modification, epigenetics and the anti-angiogenic in utero milieu.

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Endothelial vasodilatation in newborns is related to body size and maternal hypertension

Abstract: This study showed that body size, head circumference in particular, is positively associated with endothelial vasodilatation in newborns, whereas hypertension during pregnancy is inversely associated with endothelial vasodilatation.

Cited by 28 publications

References 47 publications

Aorta Structural Alterations in Term Neonates: The Role of Birth and Maternal Characteristics

Aorta Structural Alterations in Term Neonates: The Role of Birth and Maternal Characteristics

Assessing Microvascular Function in Humans from a Chronic Disease Perspective

Pre-eclampsia and offspring cardiovascular health: mechanistic insights from experimental studies

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