Endothelial progenitor cells in patients on extracorporeal maintenance dialysis therapy

Abstract

Different middle molecule removal has no effect on EPCs. Reduced vitality and enhanced ECC formation suggest growth induction of impaired EPCs in chronic renal failure and are associated with inflammation.

T-Cell Activation and Malnutrition Adversely Impact on Endothelial Progenitor Cell Mobilization in Patients on Extracorporeal Maintenance Dialysis Therapy

“…Authors have recently reported a rise of CD34+/CD133+/KDR+ cells alongside with a reduction of endothelial microparticles number after the shift from high-flux HD to HDF with high convective transport post-dilution [37] . In another cross-over study, authors were unable to demonstrate a different effect of high-flux HD versus HDF on circulating EPC number [7] . Higher number and better functionality of EPCs have also been reported in CKD patients under nocturnal HD compared to conventional HD [28] .…”

“…It has been suggested that the enhancement of uraemic toxin removal by dialysis treatment may restore EPC functions, increase EPC number and finally, improve cardiovascular outcome [7,26] . This hypothesis has been proposed to explain significant advantages of increased middle molecule removal with respect to survival and to a combined cardiovascular endpoint cardiovascular events in HD patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [6] .…”

“…Hence, some authors have suggested that more frequent haemodialysis (HD) sequences, increased dialysis efficiency and a broader spectrum of uremic toxins removal may restore the function and mobilization of EPCs [5,28] . Since the levels of uraemic toxins, particularly beta2-microglobulin (β2-M), have been reported as inversely correlated with EPC number [7,18] , it is tempting to hypothesize that change in the dialysis method may ameliorate EPC impairments and therefore improve cardiovascular outcome. Indeed, evidence for a better removal of middle molecular weight uremic toxins and reduced inflammatory profile has been reported with online haemodiafiltration (HDF) by comparison with conventional HD [29] .…”

Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Kidney Diseases

“…High-flux HD with online hemodiafiltration (HDF) is well-known to be associated with better middle molecule removal and reduced inflammation [71]. In a crossover trial by Krieter et al [72], 18 patients were subjected to 4 weeks of low-flux HD, high-flux HD and HDF. However, in this study, dialysis modalities had no effect on EPC numbers.…”

Effect of Exercise on Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Microvascular Angina

“…This type of cell is probably related to the replacement of defective endothelial cells and vasculogenesis. 11,29, 30 In particular, ECFCs, which display the phenotype CD34+/KDR+/CD45-, are currently regarded as prototypical for true EPCs. Indeed, only ECFCs, at variance with c.f.u.…”