Endothelial Involvement in Herpes Simplex Virus Keratitis: An In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Study

Hillenaar, Toine; Weenen, C.; Wubbels, René J.; Remeijer, Lies

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.04.022

Cited by 65 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In a clinical study that examined endothelial cell changes in patients with HSV-1 endotheliitis, a 10% decline in ECD was reported after 1 year, despite clinical improvement in other endothelial alterations such as pseudoguttata and keratic precipitate infiltration. 1 These findings closely parallel our data, which indicate for the longer-term effects of chronic inflammation on the density of corneal endothelial cells. In addition to the well-recognized detrimental effects of longterm contact lens wear on endothelial health, which occur mostly due to hypoxia, 27,28 the involvement of the corneal endothelium in response to epithelial or ocular surface abnormalities is gaining increasing attention.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Injury or inflammation to this nonregenerative cell monolayer can have serious negative impacts upon corneal transparency and vision. Excluding corneal dystrophies, a range of inflammatorymediated conditions, such as infectious keratitis, 1 anterior uveitis, 2 corneal graft rejection, 3 and dry eye disease 4 can affect the integrity of the corneal endothelium. Owing to the availability of noninvasive clinical imaging modalities, including slit lamp biomicroscopy and confocal laser scanning ophthalmoscopy, 5 the corneal endothelium can be readily visualized and monitored during the course of disease or inflammatory processes in humans and rodents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Longitudinal Changes to Tight Junction Expression and Endothelial Cell Integrity in a Mouse Model of Sterile Corneal Inflammation

Downie

Choi

Lim

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Citation: Downie LE, Choi J, Lim JKH, Chinnery HR. Longitudinal changes to tight junction expression and endothelial cell integrity in a mouse model of sterile corneal inflammation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016;57:3477-3484. DOI:10.1167/iovs.15-19005 PURPOSE. We previously reported that applying toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands to an injured cornea induces corneal edema at 24 hours, which subsides by 1 week. We tested the hypotheses that endothelial expression of the tight-junction protein, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), would be altered during experimental sterile corneal inflammation and that endothelial cell density (ECD) would remain unaffected.METHODS. Anesthetized C57BL/6J mice received central 1-mm corneal abrasions followed by topical application of saline or cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN, TLR-9 agonist). At 24 hours, 1 week and 4 weeks post treatment, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images were captured. Eyes were enucleated and processed for zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) immunofluorescent staining. Corneal flatmounts were analyzed for endothelial ZO-1 expression, cell density, polymegethism, and polymorphism. Corneal stromal inflammatory cell infiltration was evaluated at 4 weeks by immunostaining for CD45.RESULTS. Central corneal thickness (CCT) was increased in CpG-ODN treated eyes at 24 hours, had normalized by 1 week, but was again thickened by 4 weeks. In eyes with CpG-ODN, endothelial cell ZO-1 expression was reduced at 24 hours but returned to normal levels by 1 week. Endothelial cell density was not altered at 24 hours or 1 week. By 4 weeks, only CpG-ODN eyes showed relatively reduced ECD, as well as large numbers of CD45 þ cells in the stroma. Changes to ECD correlated with CCT (r ¼ À0.53, P < 0.01). Compared with naïve controls, more saline-and CpG-ODN-treated eyes exhibited polymegethism.CONCLUSIONS. This study provides novel insights into the interplay between endothelial cell integrity, corneal edema, and chronic stromal leukocyte activation during sterile corneal inflammation in mice.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Changes to Tight Junction Expression and Endothelial Cell Integrity in a Mouse Model of Sterile Corneal Inflammation

Downie

Choi

Lim

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Subsequent reflection at the stroma-lens interface will cause a peak in the backscatter profile, as image intensity is composed of backscatter and reflectance. 12,13 Furthermore, deposition of cellular debris and crystalline structures, as we demonstrated by relifting the cap in the first patient, contributed to this peak formation. The peak at the anterior interface was higher in the second patient, possibly because irrigation and rinsing around the implant was done in the first patient only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Long-term follow-up of hydrogel intracorneal lenses in 2 aphakic eyes

Saelens

Bleyen

Hillenaar

et al. 2010

Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report the outcome of hydrogel intracorneal lens implantation in 2 patients. The lenses were implanted at approximately 50% depth in the cornea to correct high hyperopic refractive errors of 10.5 diopters (D) and 14.0 D, respectively. Both patients were contact lens intolerant and not suitable for intraocular lens implantation. Surgery was performed in 1988, and the patients were followed until early 2010. The patients showed good tolerance for the intracorneal lenses, but both developed opacities around the implant, leading to reduced visual acuity in 1 patient. Long-term patient monitoring is essential since corneal opacities can develop after many years. Removing the implant is not necessary as the lens can easily be rinsed by lifting the corneal cap.

show abstract

“…[13][14][15] Various semi-automated and automated methods are available on specular and confocal microscopes that are routinely used to assess ECD. 11,16,17 In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) provides highly magnified images of corneal layers, including the corneal endothelium, 11,[18][19][20][21] even from corneas with advanced Fuchs' dystrophy before grafting 19 or from previously failed grafts with partial opacities. 10 One of the endothelial morphometry programmes available with one confocal microscope (Confoscan CS4, Nidek Technologies, Albignasego, Italy) is the Nidek Advanced Vision Information System software (NAVIS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo confocal microscopy of the corneal endothelium: comparison of three morphometry methods after corneal transplantation

Jonuscheit

Doughty

Ramaesh

2011

Eye

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the endothelium of corneal grafts by in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), and to evaluate an automated endothelial software system in comparison with a manual cell count and planimetry. Patients and methods Overall, 40 corneal grafts (20 deep anterior lamellar keratoplasties (DALKs) and 20 penetrating keratoplasties (PKs)) were assessed by scanning-slit IVCM. The endothelial cell density (ECD) was estimated with the automated and the manual cell count method of the instrument's Nidek Advanced Vision Information System (NAVIS) software. The results were compared with planimetry as the reference method, and the agreement was assessed. Results The mean ( ± SD) automated ECD was 2278 ± 524 cells/mm 2 (range 1167-3192 cells/mm 2 ), whereas the manual cell count method gave significantly lower ECDs with a mean of 1213±677 cells/mm 2 (range 218-2440 cells/mm 2 ; Po0.001). The manual cell counts were also significantly lower than those by planimetry, with a mean ECD of 1617 ± 813 cells/mm 2 (range 336-2941, Po0.001). Bland-Altman analyses indicated that the limits of agreement (LoA) between the automated and the planimetry method were À671 and þ 1992 cells/mm 2 , whereas they were À1000 and þ 202 cells/mm 2 when comparing the manual cell counts with planimetry. Conclusion Following keratoplasty, the NAVIS automated method is likely to overestimate endothelial cell counts due to oversegmenting of the cell domains. Automated ECDs are substantially higher than those by the manual counting method or planimetry. The differences are considerably larger post-keratoplasty than for normal corneas, and the methods should not be used interchangeably.

show abstract

Endothelial Involvement in Herpes Simplex Virus Keratitis: An In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Study

Cited by 65 publications

References 32 publications

Longitudinal Changes to Tight Junction Expression and Endothelial Cell Integrity in a Mouse Model of Sterile Corneal Inflammation

Longitudinal Changes to Tight Junction Expression and Endothelial Cell Integrity in a Mouse Model of Sterile Corneal Inflammation

Long-term follow-up of hydrogel intracorneal lenses in 2 aphakic eyes

In vivo confocal microscopy of the corneal endothelium: comparison of three morphometry methods after corneal transplantation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About