Endothelial Function and Oxidative Stress in Renovascular Hypertension

Higashi, Yukihito; Sasaki, Shota; Nakagawa, Keigo; Matsuura, Hideo; Oshima, Tetsuya; Chayama, Kazuaki

doi:10.1056/nejmoa013591

Cited by 487 publications

(338 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…139,140 Plasma levels of oxidative markers are increased in patients with essential hypertension, renovascular hypertension, malignant hypertension, salt-sensitive hypertension, cyclosporine-induced hypertension and preeclampsia. [141][142][143] These findings are based, in general, on increased levels of plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and 8-epi-isoprostanes, biomarkers of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. [144][145][146] Polymorphonuclear leukocyte-and platelet-derived O 2 À , which also participate in vascular oxidative stress and inflammation, are increased in hypertensive patients.…”

Section: Ros and Vascular Biology In Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species and vascular biology: implications in human hypertension

2010

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Increased vascular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS; termed oxidative stress) has been implicated in various chronic diseases, including hypertension. Oxidative stress is both a cause and a consequence of hypertension. Although oxidative injury may not be the sole etiology, it amplifies blood pressure elevation in the presence of other pro-hypertensive factors. Oxidative stress is a multisystem phenomenon in hypertension and involves the heart, kidneys, nervous system, vessels and possibly the immune system. Compelling experimental and clinical evidence indicates the importance of the vasculature in the pathophysiology of hypertension and as such much emphasis has been placed on the (patho)biology of ROS in the vascular system. A major source for cardiovascular, renal and neural ROS is a family of non-phagocytic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (Nox), including the prototypic Nox2 homolog-based NADPH oxidase, as well as other Noxes, such as Nox1 and Nox4. Nox-derived ROS is important in regulating endothelial function and vascular tone. Oxidative stress is implicated in endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, hypertrophy, apoptosis, migration, fibrosis, angiogenesis and rarefaction, important processes involved in vascular remodeling in hypertension. Despite a plethora of data implicating oxidative stress as a causative factor in experimental hypertension, findings in human hypertension are less conclusive. This review highlights the importance of ROS in vascular biology and focuses on the potential role of oxidative stress in human hypertension.

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Section: Ros and Vascular Biology In Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species and vascular biology: implications in human hypertension

2010

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“…Recently, several investigators, including us, have evaluated the effects of intra-arterial infusion of NO agonists, such as acetylcholine, methacholine and bradykinin, and intra-arterial infusion of NO antagonists on forearm blood flow using a mercury-filled Silastic strain-gauge plethysmography and the effects on coronary blood flow using a Doppler flow guide wire. [9][10][11]17,26,27,35 The responses to intraarterial infusion of vasoactive agents should be most suitable for assessing endothelial function, because the use of agonists to stimulate NO release and the use of antagonists of NO allow us to draw more specific conclusions concerning the role of basal and stimulated NO release. However, the invasive methods are time consuming and are a burden for patients.…”

Section: Endothelial Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, patients with renovascular hypertension are ideal models for determining how endotheliumdependent vasodilation is affected by excess Ang II and Ang II-related increase in oxidative stress. 17 Renal angioplasty decreased plasma renin activity, plasma Ang II concentration and serum malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) concentration and urinary 8-hydroxy-2 0 -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) excretion, indices of oxidative stress, in patients with renovascular hypertension. After renal angioplasty, forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine was enhanced in patients with renovascular hypertension.…”

Section: Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 A great number of studies have shown that aging and hypertension are associated with impairment of endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in coronary, forearm and renal arteries, and endothelial dysfunction, which is involved in the development of atherosclerosis, was found to increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] It is expected that improvement or augmentation of endothelial function will prevent the development of atherosclerosis, resulting in reduction in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in aging

2012

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Hypertension is one of the common diseases in the elderly. The prevalence of hypertension markedly increases with advancing age. Both aging and hypertension have a critical role in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. Although aging and hypertension, either independently or collectively, impair endothelial function, aging and hypertension may have similar cascades for the pathogenesis and development of endothelial dysfunction. Nitric oxide (NO) has an important role in regulation of vascular tone. Decrease in NO bioavailability by endothelial dysfunction would lead to elevation of blood pressure. An imbalance of reduced production of NO or increased production of reactive oxygen species, mainly superoxide, may promote endothelial dysfunction. One possible mechanism by which the prevalence of hypertension is increased in relation to aging may be advancing endothelial dysfunction associated with aging through an increase in oxidative stress. In addition, endothelial cell senescence is also involved in aging-related endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we focus on recent findings and interactions between endothelial function, oxidative stress and hypertension in aging.

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“…[1][2][3][4] However, the question of whether hypertension or oxidative stress is the primary event, remains still unanswered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Byproducts of oxidative protein damage and antioxidant enzyme activities in plasma of patients with different degrees of essential hypertension

et al. 2005

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Despite evidence that essential hypertension (EH) is a state of increased oxidative stress, the data on oxidative protein modifications is lacking. Besides, the role of extracellular antioxidant enzymes in EH has not been systematically studied. Study was performed in 45 subjects with EH and 25 normotensive controls. Patients were divided into three groups according to the 2003 ESH/ESC guidelines (grade 1-3). Plasma protein reactive carbonyl derivatives (RCD) and SH-groups (as byproducts of oxidative protein damage) as well as antioxidant enzyme activities superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase were studied spectrophotometrically and correlated with blood pressure (BP). RCD levels were increased in EH patients compared to controls and correlated significantly with both systolic blood pressure (SBP) (r ¼ 0.495, Po0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (r ¼ 0.534, Po0.01). Plasma SH-groups content was significantly lower in all patients with EH, with no correlation with BP. SOD and catalase activity in patients with grade 1 EH were similar to that of controls. Patients with grade 2 and 3 of EH had lower SOD and catalase activity. However, significant correlation with SBP and DBP was observed for catalase only (r ¼ À0.331; Po0.05 and r ¼ À0.365; Po0.05, respectively). EH patients exhibited higher plasma GPX activity compared to those in controls, and it correlated with SBP (r ¼ 0.328; Po0.05). The results presented show that increased oxidative protein damage is present in all grades of EH. In mild hypertension extracellular antioxidant enzyme activities are not decreased, suggesting they are probably not critical in early EH, but could be important in moderate to severe EH.

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Endothelial Function and Oxidative Stress in Renovascular Hypertension

Abstract: These findings suggest that excessive oxidative stress is involved, at least in part, in impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in patients with renovascular hypertension.

Cited by 487 publications

References 27 publications

Reactive oxygen species and vascular biology: implications in human hypertension

Reactive oxygen species and vascular biology: implications in human hypertension

Endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in aging

Byproducts of oxidative protein damage and antioxidant enzyme activities in plasma of patients with different degrees of essential hypertension

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