Endothelial dysfunction in arterial hypertension

Contreras, Freddy; Rivera, Maria C.; Vásquez, J; Parte, MA De la; Velasco, Manuel

doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000982

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…In a previous study, we had concluded that the pharmacologic effects of metoclopramide + dopamine were carried out by the activation of a-and b-adrenergic receptors rather than by their specific dopaminergic receptors. 23,24 In the present study, we attempted to determine if infusion of metoclopramide + dopamine in healthy and diabetic subjects has any effect on glucose levels and insulin secretion and if there is a correlation between glucose and insulin levels. The results of this study show that infusion with metoclopramide + dopamine produced a significant increase in insulin secretion in healthy subjects and that insulin levels correlated with serum glucose levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Drugs Interacting With the Dopaminergic Receptors on Glucose Levels and Insulin Release in Healthy and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

Contreras

Foullioux

Pacheco

et al. 2008

American Journal of Therapeutics

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Dopamine agonists play an important role in the regulation of the central nervous-cardiovascular, renal, and hormonal systems through stimulation of dopaminergic (DA1 and DA2) and alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. Several studies have shown that in fat and diabetic mice. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the interaction of the dopaminergic and endocrine systems by determining the effect of the dopaminergic antagonist, metoclopramide, and dopamine on insulin secretion and cardiovascular response by blockade and activation of dopamine receptors in healthy and type 2 diabetic subjects. Healthy subjects (n =15) and subjects with type 2 diabetes (n = 15) of both genders, aged 18 to 60 years, were recruited into this study. A comparative experimental design of 90 minutes was performed in which placebo (0.9% saline) was infused intravenously for the first 30 minutes followed by metoclopramide (7.5 microg/kg/min), a dopamine receptor antagonist for 30 minutes, and then metoclopramide (7.5 microg/kg/min) plus dopamine (0.5-3 microg/kg/min) for 30 minutes. The following clinical and biochemical parameters were measured at the beginning and then every 30 minutes of the experimental period (30', 60' and 90'): systolic-diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, serum glucose, insulin, triacylglycerides, and total cholesterol. Baseline glycosylated hemoglobin was measured and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance was calculated from insulin and glucose levels. Twelve-lead electrocardiograms were also obtained at these points. Dopamine infusion induced an increase in serum insulin, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate in healthy subjects but not in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Infusion of metoclopramide induced a hypotensive effect in healthy subjects, which was blunted by inclusion of dopamine in the infusion mixture. In subjects with diabetes, metoclopramide had no effect on blood pressure, but addition of dopamine raised systolic blood pressure. Neither metoclopramide nor dopamine altered significantly the lipid profile in healthy or diabetic subjects. Dopaminergic drugs increase serum insulin probably by interacting with dopaminergic receptors, but stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors cannot be ruled out. Stimulation of cardiovascular dopamine receptors also caused modifications of hemodynamic parameters in healthy subjects, but apparently these receptors are attenuated in patients with type 2 diabetes probably as a result of endothelial dysfunction and alterations in the sympathetic nervous system sensitivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Drugs Interacting With the Dopaminergic Receptors on Glucose Levels and Insulin Release in Healthy and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

Contreras

Foullioux

Pacheco

et al. 2008

American Journal of Therapeutics

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“…The vascular endothelium is an important component in the control of arterial pressure homeostasis [35]. Endothelial cells release several vasoactive factors, of which NO is perhaps the most important with potent vasodilator action.…”

Section: Arguments For An Important Effect Of Leptin On Endothelial Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial effects of leptin: Implications in health and diseases

Rahmouni¹,

Haynes

2005

Curr Diab Rep

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Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of energy homeostasis through its action in the central nervous system. Leptin also acts on several peripheral tissues, including the vascular endothelium. The leptin receptor has been identified in endothelial cells. Leptin action on the endothelium modulates several physiologic processes, with potential implications in pathophysiologic diseases associated with obesity. Leptin stimulation of angiogenesis has attracted attention because of its potential involvement in retinopathy and atherosclerosis. Leptin activation of endothelial oxidative stress also has implications in atherosclerosis and inflammation. However, data on the impact of the endothelial effect of leptin on arterial pressure are contrasting. Although some investigators have shown that leptin action on the endothelial nitric oxide system tends to decrease arterial pressure, others have shown no contribution from the endothelial effect of leptin to the control of arterial pressure. Further characterization of the endothelial effects of leptin will, it is hoped, help in the understanding of the different pathophysiologic diseases associated with obesity.

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“…1 Similarly, previous data have suggested that there is increased incidence of diabetes during hypertension and about 20% of hypertensive individuals have coexisting diabetes. 2 Increased activity of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) in hypertension and diabetes has been proposed. 3 This upregulation of RAAS results in increased oxidative stress 4 and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn affect glucose utilization and blood pressure in a setting of hypertension and diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S) Reduces Blood Pressure and Prevents the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

et al. 2012

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The coexistence of hypertension and diabetes results in the rapid development of nephropathy. Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is claimed to control the vascular and renal functions. This study tested the hypothesis that exogenous H 2 S lowers the blood pressure and decreases the progression of nephropathy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) that were diabetic. Eighteen SHR were divided into three groups: SHR, SHR diabetic, and SHR diabetic treated with a group of Wistar-Kyoto rats serving as normotensive nondiabetic control. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ) in two groups and one diabetic group received sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a H 2 S donor for 5 weeks. Blood pressure was measured in conscious and anesthetized states and renal cortical blood perfusion in acute studies. Plasma and urinary H 2 S levels, creatinine concentrations, and electrolytes were measured on three different occasions throughout the 35-day period. Diabetic SHR had higher blood pressure, lower plasma and urinary H 2 S levels, and renal dysfunction as evidenced by increased plasma creatinine, creatinine clearance, and decreased urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and renal cortical blood perfusion. NaHS reduced blood pressure, increased H 2 S levels in plasma and urinary excretion, and reversed the STZ-induced renal dysfunction. The findings of this study suggest that the administration of exogenous H 2 S lowers the blood pressure and confers protection against the progression of STZ-induced nephropathy in SHR.

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Endothelial dysfunction in arterial hypertension

Cited by 34 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of Drugs Interacting With the Dopaminergic Receptors on Glucose Levels and Insulin Release in Healthy and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

Effect of Drugs Interacting With the Dopaminergic Receptors on Glucose Levels and Insulin Release in Healthy and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

Endothelial effects of leptin: Implications in health and diseases

Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S) Reduces Blood Pressure and Prevents the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

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Endothelial dysfunction in arterial hypertension

Cited by 34 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of Drugs Interacting With the Dopaminergic Receptors on Glucose Levels and Insulin Release in Healthy and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

Effect of Drugs Interacting With the Dopaminergic Receptors on Glucose Levels and Insulin Release in Healthy and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

Endothelial effects of leptin: Implications in health and diseases

Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Reduces Blood Pressure and Prevents the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S) Reduces Blood Pressure and Prevents the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats