Endothelial Cell Toxicity of Vascular Apoptosis-Inducing Proteins from Hemorrhagic Snake Venom

Araki, Satoshi

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6410-1_5

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Metalloproteases and serine proteases are present in the venom of Russell's vipers from different locations [23,24]. Venom-derived vascular apoptosis-inducing proteins, as well as certain L-amino acid oxidases may induce apoptosis in the endothelial cell lining of the blood vessels which can also contribute to further damage [25,26]. Phospholipase A 2 s present in the venom of the Russell's viper are known to induce inflammatory responses producing reactive oxygen species and synthesis of various cytokines [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-Guided Compression Method Effectively Counteracts Russell’s Viper Bite-Induced Pseudoaneurysm

Miller

Williams²,

Vaiyapuri³

et al. 2022

Toxins

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Russell’s viper (Daboia russelii), one of the ‘Big Four’ venomous snakes in India, is responsible for the majority of snakebite-induced deaths and permanent disabilities. Russell’s viper bites are known to induce bleeding/clotting abnormalities, as well as myotoxic, nephrotoxic, cytotoxic and neurotoxic envenomation effects. In addition, they have been reported to induce rare envenomation effects such as priapism, sialolithiasis and splenic rupture. However, Russell’s viper bite-induced pseudoaneurysm (PA) has not been previously reported. PA or false aneurysm is a rare phenomenon that occurs in arteries following traumatic injuries including some animal bites, and it can become a life-threatening condition if not treated promptly. Here, we document two clinical cases of Russell’s viper bites where PA has developed, despite antivenom treatment. Notably, a non-surgical procedure, ultrasound-guided compression (USGC), either alone, or in combination with thrombin was effectively used in both the cases to treat the PA. Following this procedure and additional measures, the patients made complete recoveries without the recurrence of PA which were confirmed by subsequent examination and ultrasound scans. These data demonstrate the development of PA as a rare complication following Russell’s viper bites and the effective use of a simple, non-surgical procedure, USGC for the successful treatment of PA. These results will create awareness among healthcare professionals on the development of PA and the use of USGC in snakebite victims following bites from Russell’s vipers, as well as other viper bites.

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