Endosulfan exposure disrupts pheromonal systems in the red-spotted newt: a mechanism for subtle effects of environmental chemicals.

Park, Daesik; Hempleman, Steven C.; Propper, Catherine R.

doi:10.1289/ehp.01109669

Cited by 93 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Those authors found a 50 and 70% decrease in EOG 30 min following a exposure at 1 and 10 g/L, respectively; we noted a decrease of 30 and 45%, respectively, for the same concentrations. 25,2006 K.B. If the difference is caused by the greater stimulus concentration, this suggests that EOG alteration, as assayed through EOG peak size, may be-Environ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For glyphosate, the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined for each exposure time (2,5,10,15,20,25, and 30 min) by fitting curves to EOG inhibition versus glyphosate concentration and interpolating 50% EOG reduction. For the curves, given the small number of points (average values for control, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mg/L at each time point), a three-parameter exponential decay model (inhibition ϭ y o ϩ a·e b [glyphosate] ) was used for simplicity, because a polynomial model did not provide a better fit.…”

Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in juvenile coho salmon electro‐olfactogram during and after short‐term exposure to current‐use pesticides

Tierney

Ross

Jarrard

et al. 2006

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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For anadromous salmonids, olfaction is a critical sense, enabling return migration. In recent years, several pesticides have been identified that interfere with salmonid olfaction at concentrations in the microg/L range; thus, they may pose a risk to species longevity. In the present study, we investigated the acute effects of five agricultural pesticides on juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) olfaction using the electro-olfactogram (EOG), a measure of odorant-evoked field potentials. Electro-olfactogram responses to the odorant L-serine were measured during and following a 30-min exposure of the left olfactory rosette to chlorothalonil, endosulfan, glyphosate acid, iodocarb (IPBC), trifluralin, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. With the relatively insoluble pesticides endosulfan and trifluralin, decreases in EOG amplitude were only apparent at relatively high concentrations (100 and 300 microg/L, respectively) following 20 min of exposure and were absent for chlorothalonil (1 mg/L). With the water-soluble herbicide glyphosate, significant EOG reductions occurred within 10 min of exposure to 1 mg/L and more rapidly with higher concentrations. Recovery of EOG post-glyphosate exposure was concentration-dependent, and complete recovery was not observed with some concentrations at 60 min postexposure. Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid only affected EOG at high concentration (100 mg/L), where it eliminated EOG within 2 min of exposure. With IPBC, EOG was decreased at 25 min of exposure to 1 microg/L; higher concentrations caused decreases to occur more rapidly. Excluding IPBC and glyphosate, all EOG reductions occurred at concentrations greater than the current Canadian water-quality guidelines and reported 96-h lethality values. Our results show that olfactory neurons can be impaired rapidly by some current-use pesticides, even at exposures in the low-microg/L range.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in juvenile coho salmon electro‐olfactogram during and after short‐term exposure to current‐use pesticides

Tierney

Ross

Jarrard

et al. 2006

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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show abstract

“…These results suggest a high specificity of atrazine and Cd in the bullfrog steroidogenic cells. Another study [37] reported that the pheromonal system of the red-spotted newt, Notophalmus viridescens, was highly susceptible to low-concentration exposure to endosulfan. The least endocrine-specific toxicant, compared with Cd and atrazine, was endosulfan with a LC50:EC50 ratio of 3.05 for X. laevis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of cadmium, endosulfan, and atrazine in adrenal steroidogenic cells of two amphibian species, Xenopus laevis and Rana catesbeiana

Goulet

Hontela

2003

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The effects of cadmium, endosulfan, and atrazine on corticosterone secretion and viability of adrenal cells of African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) and bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) were assessed in vitro using a new bioassay. The bioassay relies on stimulation with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), the endogenous secretagogue for corticosterone secretion, and with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP), an analogue of cAMP, to pinpoint the site of action of the xenobiotics within the steroidogenic cell. To compare the test toxicants according to their endocrine-disrupting potential, the lethal concentration needed to kill 50% of the cells:effective concentration of 50% (LC50:EC50) ratio was calculated, with LC50 as the concentration that kills 50% of the steroidogenic cells and the EC50 as the concentration that impairs corticosterone secretion by 50%. The higher the ratio, the higher the potential for endocrine disruption. Atrazine had no affect on cell viability and on corticosterone secretion in X. laevis, but its endocrine-disrupting potential was high in R. catesbeiana. The LC50:EC50 ratio for cadmium and endosulfan in X. laevis was 26.07 and 1.23, respectively, and for atrazine, cadmium, and endosulfan in R. catesbeiana it was 909, 41, and 3, respectively. The dbcAMP did not restore corticosterone secretion in the cells exposed to the test toxicants in both species. Our study suggests that the secretory capacity of adrenal cells of amphibians can be impaired by environmental chemicals, especially atrazine in the bullfrog, and that these adrenotoxicants disrupt the enzymatic pathways leading to corticosterone secretion downstream from the step-generating cAMP.

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“…Several exciting studies have expanded our understanding of systems capable of endocrine disruption, such as the studies documenting contaminant-induced disruption of the interspecies signaling system associated with the nitrogen fixation pathway (Fox et al 2001), thyroid hormone–dependent gene expression during metamorphosis in amphibians (Crump et al 2002) or pheromonal communication among salamanders (Park et al 2001; Park and Propper 2002). These examples are just a few of the natural systems that require further research efforts.…”

Section: Novel Mechanisms Of Endocrine Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Disrupting Contaminants—Beyond the Dogma

Guillette

2006

Environ Health Perspect

134

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Descriptions of endocrine disruption have largely been associated with wildlife and driven by observations documenting estrogenic, androgenic, antiandrogenic, and antithyroid actions. These actions, in response to exposure to ecologically relevant concentrations of various environmental contaminants, have now been established in numerous vertebrate species. However, many potential mechanisms and endocrine actions have not been studied. For example, the DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] metabolite, p,p′-DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene] is known to disrupt prostaglandin synthesis in the uterus of birds, providing part of the explanation for DDT-induced egg shell thinning. Few studies have examined prostaglandin synthesis as a target for endocrine disruption, yet these hormones are active in reproduction, immune responses, and cardiovascular physiology. Future studies must broaden the basic science approach to endocrine disruption, thereby expanding the mechanisms and endocrine end points examined. This goal should be accomplished even if the primary influence and funding continue to emphasize a narrower approach based on regulatory needs. Without this broader approach, research into endocrine disruption will become dominated by a narrow dogma, focusing on a few end points and mechanisms.

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Endosulfan exposure disrupts pheromonal systems in the red-spotted newt: a mechanism for subtle effects of environmental chemicals.

Cited by 93 publications

References 31 publications

Changes in juvenile coho salmon electro‐olfactogram during and after short‐term exposure to current‐use pesticides

Changes in juvenile coho salmon electro‐olfactogram during and after short‐term exposure to current‐use pesticides

Toxicity of cadmium, endosulfan, and atrazine in adrenal steroidogenic cells of two amphibian species, Xenopus laevis and Rana catesbeiana

Endocrine Disrupting Contaminants—Beyond the Dogma

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