Endoscopic injection of adrenaline for benign oesophageal ulcer haemorrhage

Abstract

Given H E The role of aspiration cytologic examination in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the breast. Surg Gynerol Obstet 1 99 1 ; lobular carcinoma: mammographic findings in a 10-year 1990; 14: 12-23.breast. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1987; 165: 435-41. 172: 290-2.

Hemodynamics after endoscopic submucosal injection of epinephrine in patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a matter of concern

“…Our observations prompted us to perform a further review of studies evaluating epinephrine used as injection therapy for bleeding esophageal lesions (Table e3, online). In fact, one group from Aberdeen in the UK observed a number of transient cardiac arrhythmias and hypertensive episodes in two rather small stud− ies [11,12]. However, they did not provide detailed information or report evidence of cardiac ischemia as we have.…”

Hemodynamics after endoscopic submucosal injection of epinephrine in a porcine model

“…Therefore epinephrine injection therapy in the esophagus may be particularly harmful. In this context it is notable that severe systemic side effects, such as hypertensive emergency and ventricular tachycardia, after endoscopic epinephrine therapy have only been described after epinephrine injection into the esophagus [25,28,34,35]. In contrast, hemodynamic changes do also occur after epinephrine injection into the stomach [26,36], [37], but so far no severe cardiovascular complications have been reported in a multitude of studies in which epinephrine was used in the treatment of peptic ulcers [25].…”