Endoscopic evaluation of the bone-added osteotome sinus floor elevation procedure

Intentional penetration of dental implants into the maxillary sinus: a retrospective study

“…11 Within the limits of this study, dental implant emergence into healthy maxillary sinus is considered a safe and successful procedure.…”

The ‘Alternating Osteotome Technique’: a surgical approach for combined ridge expansion and sinus floor elevation. A multicentre prospective study with a three-year follow-up

“…Although an endoscopic study has revealed that the sinus floor may be elevated by anything up to 5 mm without perforating the sinus membrane, [41] other studies have demonstrated the risk of membrane perforation while performing transalveolar sinus floor elevation of more than 4 mm. [42,43] Lai et al [44] have published a randomized clinical trial comparing OSFE with and without graft materials, reporting membrane perforation rates of 7.8% and 2.6%, with mean residual bone heights of 4.7 and 5.6 mm, respectively.…”

Treatment Options for the Atrophic Posterior Maxilla

“…However, limitations of this procedure include: limited accessibility and visibility for elevation of the sinus membrane and inability to diagnose and treat membrane perforations. (27,28,10) When the membrane is lifted more than 3 mm, the risk of membrane perforation increases significantly. (29,30) The use of an endoscope has been proposed to diagnose the membrane perforation during BAOSFE, increasing the cost and time of the procedure.…”