Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of an Esophageal Bezoar Resulting from Bulk Laxative Ingestion

Small Bowel Obstruction Following Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Enterography Using Psyllium Seed Husk As an Oral Contrast Agent

“…Psyllium bezoar causing small bowel obstruction has been reported in elderly populations that chronically use high concentrations of psyllium without adequate water consumption (19,20). Incidents of psyllium bezoar causing esophageal obstruction have also been described in patients who ingest dry psyllium preparations without adequate water (21)(22)(23)(24).…”

Treatment of constipation in older people

“…Mechanical obstruction following consumption of bulk agents has been reported. 32 Nonambulatory patients with low fluid intake may be at increased risk. Rare cases of allergic reactions to psyllium have also been described.…”

Intestinal obstruction caused by a laxative drug (Psyllium): A case report and review of the literature

“…Since then, many reports have supported this opinion. Geriatric patients with chronic constipation are receiving Psyllium and other colloid laxatives for treatment, yet, they may not drink adequate amount of fluids during the treatment which can result in esophageal obstruction [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] ].…”