“…Although experiences with endoscopic exploration of the fourth ventricle have seldom been reported, 1,4,6,8,12,16,19 and therefore this issue does not represent an absolute nov elty, to our knowledge no investigator has focused on the endoscopic identification of the structures encountered during fourth ventricle navigation. Many theoretical objections to the transaqueductal navigation of the fourth ventricle could be raised, but in practice it proves relatively easy and harmless; the clinical aspects of the approach have been discussed elsewhere.…”