Endoscopic Appearance of Primary Anorectal Melanoma

Gupta, Roshmi; Rathi, Pravin; Sawant, Prabha; Shroff, Chandralekha P.; Upadhyay, Ankit; Bhatnagar, Mukti

doi:10.1055/s-2007-1004177

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Endoscopic findings include nodule with black pigmentation, ulceration and friability. The endoscopic appearance can assist in differentiating adenocarcinomas and haemorrhoids 22 23…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary anorectal amelanotic melanoma with liver, lungs and lymph nodal metastases

Marak,

Raj,

Dwivedi

et al. 2023

BMJ Case Rep

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Anorectal melanoma (ARM) is an exceedingly rare and very aggressive malignancy. It originates from the melanocytic cells in the anorectal mucosa, which produces melanin. Other mucosal melanomas commonly found in the mucosa of the oral cavity, vulvovaginal, pharynx and urinary tract. Patients usually present with bleeding per rectum, perianal pain and difficulty in defaecation. Distinction of primary anorectal melanoma from other tumours of this region is difficult because of the lack of common imaging features. MRI is the modality of choice for its better tissue characterisation and resolution. There is no standard treatment protocol available mainly due to scarcity of data. Surgery is the mainstay therapy. Herein we present a case of a male patient in his 30s who presented with rectal bleeding and perianal pain. Haematological analysis revealed normocytic normochromic anaemia. MRI detected a mass lesion in the anorectal region. Contrast enhanced CT revealed multiple metastases in the liver, lungs, periportal, mesorectal and inguinal lymph nodes. The diagnosis of the ulcerated anorectal melanoma was established on histopathological examination. The patient underwent abdominoperineal resection (APR) followed by chemotherapy. Afterward the patient presented to the emergency room with respiratory distress for which he was on ventilator support. Sadly, the patient died after four days.

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“…Endoscopic findings include nodule with black pigmentation, ulceration and friability. The endoscopic appearance can assist in differentiating adenocarcinomas and haemorrhoids 22 23…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary anorectal amelanotic melanoma with liver, lungs and lymph nodal metastases

Marak,

Raj,

Dwivedi

et al. 2023

BMJ Case Rep

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“…Endoscopic findings include nodule with black pigmentation, with friability and ulceration. The endoscopic appearance can help the differential diagnosis with adenocarcinomas and hemorrhoids [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anorectal Mucosal Melanoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Patient: Female, 81-year-old Final Diagnosis: Anorectal malignant melanoma Symptoms: Hematochezia • obstipation • pain • tenesmuss Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Gastroenterology and Hepatology • Oncology Objective: Rare disease Background: Anorectal mucosal melanoma (AMM) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm, with a 5-year survival rate of 10%. Due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms, the diagnosis is often made late. Surgical resection remains the criterion standard for treatment of anorectal melanoma. Case Report: We present the case of an 81-year-old woman presenting with hematochezia, anal secretion, tenesmus, difficulty in defecation, and perianal pain. On physical examination, there was a prolapse of a 5-cm melanocytic nodule in the anal canal, hard on palpation. Biopsy confirmed anorectal melanoma. Staging revealed anal and metastatic disease, with adrenal, lymphatic, and hepatic involvement. As the patient continued to have bleeding, severe pain, and difficulty in defecation, she was submitted to a wide local excision. At 5-month follow-up, the anal lesion had relapsed, and the patient died 10 months after the procedure. Conclusions: AMM is a rare and extremely aggressive tumor. Symptoms are nonspecific but early diagnosis should be pursued to allow curative treatment. Surgical resection with free margins is the goal of surgical treatment. New therapies are being studied, including immunotherapy, which can improve the dismal prognosis of this rare disease.

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“…Malignant melanoma is a neoplasm that originates from melanocytes, which are pigmented cells located in the epidermis or dermis of the skin, squamous mucous membranes, retinas, and leptomeninges. Primary gastrointestinal melanoma of the esophagus [6 -8], biliary tract [9], anorectum [10], oral cavity and pharynx [11], and gallbladder [12] have been described. In addition, malignant melanoma has been shown to metastasize to the colon [13], small intestine [14], pancreas [15], bile duct [16], and stomach [17] among other intra-abdominal sites [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration of Melanoma Metastatic to the Pancreas: Report of Two Cases and Review

DeWitt¹,

Chappo²,

Sherman³

2003

Endoscopy

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Malignant melanoma is a neoplasm which originates from melanocytes. Surgical exploration for abdominal metastases of cutaneous melanoma reveals pancreatic metastases in 16 % of patients which is usually accompanied by other intra-abdominal spread. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) of primary and metastatic pancreatic masses have already been described. We report the first use of EUS-FNA for the diagnosis of malignant melanoma metastatic to the pancreas. As our cases illustrate, these lesions may present as either cystic or solid pancreatic masses. Preparation of a cell block from the FNA aspirate and use of immunostaining may help to obtain the diagnosis. Despite thorough examination of the skin and mucous membranes, however, a primary site might not be found in these patients.

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Endoscopic Appearance of Primary Anorectal Melanoma

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Primary anorectal amelanotic melanoma with liver, lungs and lymph nodal metastases

Primary anorectal amelanotic melanoma with liver, lungs and lymph nodal metastases

Anorectal Mucosal Melanoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration of Melanoma Metastatic to the Pancreas: Report of Two Cases and Review

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