Endopolygalacturonase: a Candidate Gene for Freestone and Melting Fleshin Peach

Peace, Cameron; Crisosto, Carlos H.; Gradziel, Thomas M.

doi:10.1007/s11032-005-0828-3

Cited by 121 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Generally, accessions with the same texture or adherence levels of the ripe fruit fell within the same group or subgroup, indicating their availability to be classified into the major phenotypes of freestone MF, clingstone MF, and clingstone NMF. These data agree with a previous report (Peace et al, 2005). In conclusion, the present study provides compelling evidence demonstrating that SNPs have the potential to be used: 1) as genetic markers for rapid and effective genotyping, 2) in marker-assisted breeding and positional cloning, and 3) in genome-wide association studies.…”

Section: Genetic Diversity and Utilization Of The Peach Germplasmsupporting

confidence: 93%

Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the endopolygalacturonase gene in peach and its potential use in crossbreeding programs

Jiao

2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant sequence variations found in plant genomes and are widely used as molecular genetic markers in genetic diversity studies and crossbreeding programs. In this study, we examined 113 DNA sequences of the endopolygalacturonase (endo-PG) gene from 67 peach accessions and found a total of 56 SNPs and 6 insertion/ deletions (indels), with a frequency of 3, 1, and 3% for the transitions, transversions, and indels, respectively. Meanwhile, the majority of the observed SNPs were found in the intron regions, while only 2 variable sites and a single indel were detected in the exon regions. A dendrogram was obtained using neighbor-joining cluster analysis and divided into 2 main groups, providing evidence that most of the accessions of the clingstone nonmelting flesh phenotypes generally clustered together and were comparatively nonrelated to the "stony hard" peach cultivars, which were in a different branch altogether. Furthermore, 4 major haplotypes were formed and 3 cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence primer sets were mined according to fruit texture and stone adhesion, displaying their potential as candidate molecular markers SNP analysis of endopolygalacturonase in the peach for discriminating genotypes. This research will assist peach genetic enhancement by introducing a novel crossbreeding strategy.

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Section: Genetic Diversity and Utilization Of The Peach Germplasmsupporting

confidence: 93%

Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the endopolygalacturonase gene in peach and its potential use in crossbreeding programs

Jiao

2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…The low expression of the cell wall degradation enzyme, endopolygalactaronase (PG, EC 3.2.1.15), also seems important in the storage ability of the peach (Wakasu et al 2006 ;Peace et al 2005b ) . Throughout much of the world, the common fl esh type used for fresh market peach is the melting-type fl esh.…”

Section: Firmness and Postharvest Competencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the processing industry uses a fi rmer fl esh type: the nonmelting fl esh. This is conditioned by an allele at the PG gene which disrupts the activity of EndoPG (Peace et al 2005b ) resulting in a fl esh that does not "melt." This fi rmer fl esh type allows the harvesting at a higher quality, tree-ripe stage with enough fi rmness to the market.…”

Section: Firmness and Postharvest Competencementioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Fruit Breeding

Byrne

2011

Fruit Breeding

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Fruit breeding is a long-term process which takes a minimum of about a decade from the original cross to a fi nished cultivar. Thus, much thought needs to go into which objectives to be emphasized in the breeding. Although certain objectives, such as yield and basic quality, are always important, the overall lifestyle, environmental, marketing, and production trends affect the objectives that breeders emphasize in their programs as they strive to anticipate the future needs of the fruit industry. The importance of each trend varies with the crop and environment. The major trends are to develop cultivars which simplify orchard practices, have increased resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, extend the adaptation zones of the crop, create new fruit types, create fruit cultivars with enhanced health benefi ts, and provide consistently high quality. Keywords IntroductionFruit breeders need to anticipate cultivar needs at least 10 years into the future, as this is the minimum time that most fruit cultivars take to develop from pollination to release. This chapter explores the larger trends in our lives, such as environmental issues, health consciousness, consumer trends in lifestyle, and the expectations and needs of producers to examine how these affect the objectives of our fruit breeding programs. Trends in the Business of Plant BreedingImproved plant protection legislation in the USA, Europe, and throughout the world has stimulated substantial research and the development of new plants for commercial exploitation. This has also tended to shift the breeding into the private sector (Heisey et al. 2001 ;Frey 1996Frey , 1998Traxler 1999 ) . This shift was quicker for the annual large acreage crops, such as corn, where public-generated commercial cultivars in the USA disappeared in the 1940s and the use of publically generated inbred lines ceased in the 1970s. Currently, public corn breeders concentrate more on basic research into corn breeding and genetics (Traxler 1999 ) .In fruit crops, this shift has been slower and dependent on the crop, with those crops with shorter life cycles and larger markets shifting to the private sector more rapidly. Throughout the world, the proportion of peach releases from public programs has decreased from 45% in the 1980s to 34% in the early 1990s (Della Strada et al. 1996 ;Della Strada and Fideghelli 2003 ;Fideghelli et al. 1998 ) . During the last decade in the USA, only ~15% of the peach and nectarine cultivars were released by public institutions. Support for the development of apricots, cherries, and apples is still with public institutions, but this is eroding and the private sector is becoming more involved in the release and Another factor is decreased funding for public breeding programs. In the USA, the public funding dedicated to breeding activities has decreased dramatically since the 1970s as the government shifted from a philosophy of completely funding programs to assisting programs with partial funding (Moore 1993 ;Frey 1996 ;Heisey et al. 2001 ) . Thus, t...

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“…More recently, silencing of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) abscission-related PGs was shown to increase the break strength of the leaf abscission zone and delay abscission in explants treated with ethylene (Jiang et al, 2008), and a putative Arabidopsis PG has been shown to promote floral organ abscission (Gonzá lezCarranza et al, 2007). The importance of PG is also illustrated by the 'Flavr savr' tomato and peach (Prunus persica) lacking a functional Melting flesh/Freestone locus (Peace et al, 2005), both of which have reduced expression of a fruit ripening-associated PG and delayed fruit softening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ARABIDOPSIS DEHISCENCE ZONE POLYGALACTURONASE1 (ADPG1), ADPG2, and QUARTET2 Are Polygalacturonases Required for Cell Separation during Reproductive Development inArabidopsis

et al. 2009

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Cell separation is thought to involve degradation of pectin by several hydrolytic enzymes, particularly polygalacturonase (PG). Here, we characterize an activation tagging line with reduced growth and male sterility caused by increased expression of a PG encoded by QUARTET2 (QRT2). QRT2 is essential for pollen grain separation and is part of a small family of three closely related endo-PGs in the Arabidopsis thaliana proteome, including ARABIDOPSIS DEHISCENCE ZONE POLYGALACTURONASE1 (ADPG1) and ADPG2. Functional assays and complementation experiments confirm that ADPG1, ADPG2, and QRT2 are PGs. Genetic analysis demonstrates that ADPG1 and ADPG2 are essential for silique dehiscence. In addition, ADPG2 and QRT2 contribute to floral organ abscission, while all three genes contribute to anther dehiscence. Expression analysis is consistent with the observed mutant phenotypes. INDEHISCENT (IND) encodes a putative basic helix-loop-helix required for silique dehiscence, and we demonstrate that the closely related HECATE3 (HEC3) gene is required for normal seed abscission and show that IND and HEC3 are required for normal expression of ADPG1 in the silique dehiscence zone and seed abscission zone, respectively. We also show that jasmonic acid and ethylene act together with abscisic acid to regulate floral organ abscission, in part by promoting QRT2 expression. These results demonstrate that multiple cell separation events, including both abscission and dehiscence, require closely related PG genes.

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Endopolygalacturonase: a Candidate Gene for Freestone and Melting Fleshin Peach

Cited by 121 publications

References 21 publications

Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the endopolygalacturonase gene in peach and its potential use in crossbreeding programs

Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the endopolygalacturonase gene in peach and its potential use in crossbreeding programs

Trends in Fruit Breeding

ARABIDOPSIS DEHISCENCE ZONE POLYGALACTURONASE1 (ADPG1), ADPG2, and QUARTET2 Are Polygalacturonases Required for Cell Separation during Reproductive Development inArabidopsis

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