Endoplasmic reticulum stress involves the high glucose-induced nucleus pulposus cell pyroptosis

Abstract

Objective: Diabetes has been identified as a risk factor for intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The aim of this study is to investigate the potential mechanism underlying diabetes-related pyroptosis in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Methods: We used a high-glucose environment to mimic diabetes in vitro and examined the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and pyroptotic response. Furthermore, we utilized activators and inducers of ERS to explore the role of ERS in high-glucose-induced pyroptosis in NP cells. We evaluated the ERS and pyroptosis levels using immunofluorescence (IF) or RT-PCR and measured the expression of collagen II, aggrecan, and MMPs. Additionally, we used ELISA to determine the levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in the culture medium, and CCK8 assay to test cell viability. Results: High-glucose conditions promoted the degeneration of NP cells and triggered ERS and pyroptosis. A high level of ERS aggravated pyroptosis, and partially suppressing ERS resisted high-glucose-induced pyroptosis and alleviated the degeneration of NP cells. Inhibiting caspase-1-based pyroptosis under high-glucose conditions helped relieve the degeneration of NP cells but did not affect ERS levels. Conclusions: High-glucose induces pyroptosis in NP cells via the mediation of ERS, and suppressing ERS or pyroptosis protects NP cells under high-glucose conditions.

Analysis of global research hotspots and trends in immune cells in intervertebral disc degeneration: A bibliometric study

“… 23 A preclinical study found that injecting bone marrow-derived macrophages into herniated discs reduced the size of the herniation by 44%, suggesting that macrophages promote resorption of herniated discs, which could be an effective clinical therapy. 53 In addition, chemokines, 54 miRNAs, 55 cell pyroptosis, 56 endoplasmic reticulum stress, 57 oxidative responses, 58 and lipid metabolism 59 are all important pathways through which immune cells mediate IDD. Only a refined understanding of the role of immune cells in IDD will allow further strategies and protocols to be developed for later treatment.…”