Abstract:Holoparasitism is a special life cycle of flowering plants. All carbon resources are provided by photosynthetic host plants. A recent study revealed the presence of endophytic fungi in holoparasitic plants, but their ecological and evolutionary roles are still unknown. In this study, we examined endophytic fungi isolated from the holoparasitic plant Balanophora japonica (Balanophoraceae), collected from Kochi, Shikoku in western Japan. We isolated 23 fungal strains on inflorescences and tubers from three B. ja… Show more
“…The species is well-known for accumulating large amounts of lipids, which makes the species useful in studying the mechanism of lipid biosynthesis [1][2][3] and for the biotransformation of oil [4,5]. Ecologically, U. ramanniana is a typical inhabitant of forest soils [6] and important in biological rehabilitation [7][8][9][10][11]; it is also frequently isolated from rhizospheres of forest plants [12], or as an endophyte of plants [13].…”
Umbelopsis ramanniana is one of the most commonly reported species within the genus and an important oleaginous fungus. The morphology of the species varies remarkably in sporangiospores, columellae and chlamydospores. However, phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and nLSU rDNA had previously shown insufficiency in achieving species level identification in the genus Umbelopsis. In this study, by applying a polyphasic approach involving multi-gene (nSSU, ITS, nLSU, act1, MCM7 and cox1) phylogeny, morphology and maximum growth temperature, U. ramanniana sensu lato was revealed as a polyphyletic group and resolved with five novel taxa, namely U. curvata, U. dura, U. macrospora, U. microsporangia and U. oblongielliptica. Additionally, a key for all currently accepted species in Umbelopsis was also updated.
“…The species is well-known for accumulating large amounts of lipids, which makes the species useful in studying the mechanism of lipid biosynthesis [1][2][3] and for the biotransformation of oil [4,5]. Ecologically, U. ramanniana is a typical inhabitant of forest soils [6] and important in biological rehabilitation [7][8][9][10][11]; it is also frequently isolated from rhizospheres of forest plants [12], or as an endophyte of plants [13].…”
Umbelopsis ramanniana is one of the most commonly reported species within the genus and an important oleaginous fungus. The morphology of the species varies remarkably in sporangiospores, columellae and chlamydospores. However, phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and nLSU rDNA had previously shown insufficiency in achieving species level identification in the genus Umbelopsis. In this study, by applying a polyphasic approach involving multi-gene (nSSU, ITS, nLSU, act1, MCM7 and cox1) phylogeny, morphology and maximum growth temperature, U. ramanniana sensu lato was revealed as a polyphyletic group and resolved with five novel taxa, namely U. curvata, U. dura, U. macrospora, U. microsporangia and U. oblongielliptica. Additionally, a key for all currently accepted species in Umbelopsis was also updated.
“…only to leaves. The ecological diversity of endophytes was highlighted by the existence of endophytic fungus isolated from the holoparasite plant Balanophora japonica (Balanophoraceae) collected from Kochi and Shikoku in western Japan (Ikeda et al 2016).…”
Section: Diversity Of Fungal Endophytes and Their Bioactive Compoundsmentioning
An exploration of unseen fungal world and analysis of their functional attributes in crop and human healthFungal endophytes are a group of microbial entities that live in either apoplast or symplast region of healthy plant tissues without causing any detectable symptoms of disease to the concerned host. Since they derive nutrients and shelter from their host hence, in turn, provide protection to their host against various biotic and abiotic stresses. Because of country's diverse and distinctive plants diversity, coordinated efforts at front of endophytic diversity research and exploitation are required in light of their vast applicability in plant and human health and the environment. This article focuses on endophytic biodiversity, their role to protect plants against abiotic environmental stresses with special reference to drought, heat and dyes degradation. It will also cover the epigenetic modulations for cryptic bioactive compounds; endophytes mediated fabrication of metal nanoprticles (NPs), and mycomediated synthesis of carbon nano dots (CNDs) and their utilization in plant health promotion.
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