Endophytes: As Potential Biocontrol Agent—Review and Future Prospects

Anjum, Romana; Afzal, Muneeb; Baber, Raheel; Khan, Muhammad Ather; Kanwal, Wasima; Sajid, Wajiha; Raheel, Asfand

doi:10.5539/jas.v11n4p113

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The association between plants and fungi is extremely common. Fossil records indicate the existence of this union with endophytes and mycorrhizas have existed for more than 400 million years (Krings et al 2007;Chadha et al 2015) starting when plants colonised the soil, thus indicating the importance of this group in the evolution of this process (Rodriguez et al 2009;Rai et al 2014;Anjum et al 2019). The positive aspects of this interaction have always been noted and discussed, but in-depth studies evaluating the real benefit provided by these fungi have only been performed recently (Busby et al 2016;Card et al 2016;Vega 2018;Quesada-Moraga 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic fungi: a tool for plant growth promotion and sustainable agriculture

2021

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Endophytic fungi are found in most, if not all, plant species on the planet. They colonise inner plant tissues without causing symptoms of disease, thus providing benefits to the host plant while also benefiting from this interaction. The global concern for the development of more sustainable agriculture has increased in recent years, and research has been performed to decipher ecology and explore the potential of endophytic interactions in plant growth. To date, many studies point to the positive aspects of endophytic colonisation, and in this review, such research is summarised based on the direct (acquisition of nutrients and phytohormone production) and indirect (induced resistance, production of antibiotics and secondary metabolites, production of siderophores and protection for abiotic and biotic stresses) benefits of endophytic colonisation. An in-depth discussion of the mechanisms is also presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic fungi: a tool for plant growth promotion and sustainable agriculture

2021

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“…Among them, the genus Trichoderma has a wide biotechnological interest and hence comprising on mycoparasitic species, particularly T. pseudokoningii, T. hamatum, T. harzianum, T. koningii and T. viride that have received a great attention in reducing the populations of soil-borne pathogens including Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum and M. phaseolina (Bastakoti et al 2017). The antagonistic mechanism of Trichoderma species is a combination of diverse mechanisms including direct confrontation with fungal pathogens, competition for nutrients and the production of cell-wall degrading enzymes (Anjum et al 2019). So far, Trichoderma spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma viride Controls Macrophomina phaseolina through its DNA disintegration and Production of Antifungal Compounds

Khan¹

2021

IJAB

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Macrophomina phaseolina is a highly destructive pathogen of more than 500 plant species. It is difficult to eradicate it through chemical means as no patented fungicide is available against this pathogen. Biological control is the possible alternative method for its suitable management. The present study was carried out to evaluate the biocontrol potential of five Trichoderma spp. against M. phaseolina and the possible mechanisms of action. Identifications of all the Trichoderma spp. viz. T. hamatum, T. harzianum, T. koningii, T. longipile and T. viride were confirmed on molecular basis by using two universal primer pairs namely ITS and EF1. Their biocontrol potential was evaluated in dual culture plate method where T. viride showed the highest inhibitory efficacy (63%) against M. phaseolina. T. koningii, T. hamatum and T. longipile showed akin effects by arresting growth of the pathogen by 46–47% followed by T. harzianum (28%). To find out the mechanisms of action, secondary extrolites of the best biocontrol fungus T. viride were tested against the pathogenic genomic DNA where all the concentrations partially degraded DNA bands after 24 h of incubation and a complete DNA band disappearance was noted after 48 h incubation. In addition, T. viride culture filtrates were partitioned with chloroform and ethyl acetate and subjected to GC-MS analysis for identification of potential antifungal constituents. The most abundant identified volatile compounds in the two organic solvent fractions were 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- (44.54%), n-hexadecanoic acid (24.02%), hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester (14.25%), 9-tricosene, (Z)- (10.43%) and [1,1'-bicyclopropyl]-2-octanoic acid, 2'-hexyl-, methyl ester (10.43%). To conclude, T. viride was the best biocontrol agent against M. phaseolina and acts against the pathogen by DNA disintegration and production of antifungal secondary metabolites. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

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“…In addition, endophytic bacteria are also reported to increase the thickness of the plant cell walls. Cell wall thickening in plants is reported to inhibit infection by pathogens (Anjum et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. to control Meloidogyne spp. infection on tomato plants

2021

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Abstract. Munif A, Nursalim M, Pradana AP. 2021. The potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. to control Meloidogyne spp. infection on tomato plants. Biodiversitas 22: 3229-3236. The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is one of the plant-parasitic nematodes that cause economical loss in the vegetable plantations in the world. The endophytic bacteria may act as a potential biological agent to control the plant-parasitic nematodes. The aim of this study was to explore the endophytic bacteria from Tagetes sp., which had a potential to control Meloidogyne spp. and act as growth promoter for tomato plants. The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots and stems of Tagetes sp. and tissues were cultured on the tryptic soy agar (TSA) media. The endophytic bacterial isolates were selected using hypersensitive and blood agar tests to identify their biological safety. The selected endophytic bacteria were also assessed for growth promoter test in the tomato plants. The selected endophytic bacteria were assessed in vitro against the Meloidogyne spp. juvenile 2 and their effectiveness in suppressing the root-knot nematodes on tomato plants in greenhouse. The results showed that total of 184 endophytic bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from the roots and stem of Tagetes sp. In hypersensitive and hemolytic tests, 78 and 36 isolates showed negative responses, respectively. Of the 36 isolates tested, it was found that 14 of them were able to promote the growth of tomato seedlings. In in vitro test, 14 endophytic bacteria showed 73-93% mortality rate of Meloidogyne spp J2. The results at greenhouse showed that 3 bacterial isolates, namely, AL21, AL44, and AL53 suppress the number of root-knot nematodes up to 50-74% and improve tomato plant growth by 32%. These results indicate that endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. have the potential to act as biocontrol agents of parasitic nematodes and a plant growth promoter.

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Endophytes: As Potential Biocontrol Agent—Review and Future Prospects

Cited by 12 publications

References 66 publications

Endophytic fungi: a tool for plant growth promotion and sustainable agriculture

Endophytic fungi: a tool for plant growth promotion and sustainable agriculture

Trichoderma viride Controls Macrophomina phaseolina through its DNA disintegration and Production of Antifungal Compounds

The potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from Tagetes sp. to control Meloidogyne spp. infection on tomato plants

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