Endophthalmitis Isolates and Antibiotic Susceptibilities: A 10-Year Review of Culture-Proven Cases

Schimel, Andrew M.; Miller, Darlene; Flynn, Harry W.

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2013.01.027

Cited by 119 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Study from Tehran by Falavarjani et al has reported low resistance of ceftazidime (10 %) in GNB [11]. Schimel et al from USA reviewed the spectrum and susceptibilities of isolates from patients with endophthalmitis and found all GNB (100 %) susceptible to ceftazidime [9]. In the present study, we have found 18 % of the GNB are resistant to ceftazidime.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…The spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility of organisms isolated from patients with endophthalmitis vary by region and country. Several reports have shown that all the Gram positive bacterial isolates are susceptible to vancomycin [8][9][10][11] except few cases of endophthalmitis with vancomycin resistant Enterococcus species [12,13]. Khera et al from Hyderabad, India have shown that 1.5 % of the total Gram positive isolates are resistant to vancomycin [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Susceptibility of bacterial isolates to vancomycin and ceftazidime from patients with endophthalmitis: Is there a need to change the empirical therapy in suspected bacterial endophthalmitis?

Reddy¹,

Reddy²,

Paruvelli³

et al. 2014

Int Ophthalmol

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To review the susceptibility of bacterial isolates to ceftazidime and vancomycin isolated from patients with endophthalmitis. Microbiology records of patients with endophthalmitis between June 2010 and May 2013 were reviewed. Vitreous and AC fluids obtained from patients with endophthalmitis were subjected to direct microscopy examination and culture. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was performed by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Resistant to ceftazidime in Gram negative bacteria (GNB) by disk diffusion method is confirmed by minimum inhibitory concentration using E test. Culture was positive for bacteria/Fungi in 224/356 patients (62.9 %). Out of 224 patients, 191 (85.2 %) patients showed bacterial growth and 33 (14.0 %) showed fungal growth. Mixed bacterial infection was seen in five patients. Among the GNB, 23/123 (18 %) of the isolates were resistant to ceftazidime, and all the Gram positive bacteria 73/73 (100 %) were susceptible to vancomycin. Sixteen of 123 (13 %) GNB were resistant to amikacin. Although there is an increase in resistance to ceftazidime compared to amikacin in GNB, amikacin intravitreal injection is associated with macular toxicity and no single antibiotic has full coverage for all GNB. Combination of vancomycin and ceftazidime empiric therapy can be continued in patients with suspected endophthalmitis and treatment is modified based on clinical response and susceptibility results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of bacterial isolates to vancomycin and ceftazidime from patients with endophthalmitis: Is there a need to change the empirical therapy in suspected bacterial endophthalmitis?

Reddy¹,

Reddy²,

Paruvelli³

et al. 2014

Int Ophthalmol

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“…Consistent with other reports, gram-positive organisms were the predominant pathogens, and Staphylococcus species remained to be the most common infectious organisms. 1,[9][10][11][12][13][14] The differences between this and previous reports included the present observation of a larger proportion of fungi than gram-negative organisms (18.4 vs.16.6) and the decrease in gram-negative organisms from 32% to 11% (P = 0.019) and increase in the percentage of gram-positive bacteria from 49% to 73% (P = 0.174) over a 10-year period, which disagree with the findings of a study by Gentile et al 15 The reasons for this difference remain unclear. Factors influencing variation between multiple reported studies include the period in time analyzed, prevalence of predisposing illnesses, geographic factors in organism incidence, urban versus rural settings, ethnicity, outpatient versus inpatient populations especially those in tertiary care centers, and climatic factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological Isolates and Antibiotic Susceptibilities: A 10-Year Review of Culture-Proven Endophthalmitis Cases

Liu

et al. 2016

Current Eye Research

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“…Previous studies have shown an increased rate of antibiotic-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus strains in the conjunctiva of patients receiving multiple courses of local antibiotic therapy [27-29]. Furthermore, there are reports of an increased rate of endophthalmitis cases caused by antibiotic-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus over the last two decades [30, 31]. It is suspected that antibiotic-resistant strains cause more inflammation and destruction of the infected retina than nonresistant pathogens, as shown in an animal model [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causative Pathogens of Endophthalmitis after Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Injection: An International Multicenter Study

et al. 2019

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Purpose: The main objective of this study was to investigate the microbiological spectrum of endophthalmitis after anti-VEGF injections and to compare streptococcal with non-streptococcus-associated cases with regard to baseline characteristics and injection procedure. Methods: Retrospective, international multicenter study of patients with culture-positive endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-VEGF injection at 17 different retina referral centers. Results: Eighty-three cases with 87 identified pathogens were included. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (59%) and viridans streptococci (15%) were the most frequent pathogens found. The use of postoperative antibiotics and performance of injections in an operating room setting significantly reduced the rate of streptococcus-induced endophthalmitis cases (p = 0.01 for both). Conclusion: We found a statistically significant lower rate of postinjectional local antibiotic therapy and operating room-based procedures among the streptococcus-induced cases compared to cases caused by other organisms.

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Endophthalmitis Isolates and Antibiotic Susceptibilities: A 10-Year Review of Culture-Proven Cases

Cited by 119 publications

References 8 publications

Susceptibility of bacterial isolates to vancomycin and ceftazidime from patients with endophthalmitis: Is there a need to change the empirical therapy in suspected bacterial endophthalmitis?

Susceptibility of bacterial isolates to vancomycin and ceftazidime from patients with endophthalmitis: Is there a need to change the empirical therapy in suspected bacterial endophthalmitis?

Microbiological Isolates and Antibiotic Susceptibilities: A 10-Year Review of Culture-Proven Endophthalmitis Cases

Causative Pathogens of Endophthalmitis after Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Injection: An International Multicenter Study

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