Endoparasites of the kodkod, Oncifelis guigna (Carnivora, Felidae) in Chile

Description of gastrointestinal parasitism through coprologic survey in Darwin’s fox, Lycalopex fulvipes (Martin 1837), and kodkod, Leopardus guigna (Molina 1782), in Chiloé island, Chile

“…In addition, the method used by Jiménez et al (2012) for faeces collection was solely based on their visual identifi cation, based on size, shape and color, which according to our study can lead to a biased identifi cation. In the case of kodkod, description of found parasites differ from the reports of González-Acuña et al (2010), where only three nematodes were found: T. leonina in the necropsy of a specimen from San Antonio (33°37'S; 71°37'W), T. cati in a corpse from Pemuco (36°59'S; 71°58'W) and Mastophorus muris in fecal samples from the Laguna San Rafael National Park. Likewise, the new results disagree with those described by Fernández & Villalba (1984) who obtained nematodes (Uncinaria stenocephala and T. cati) through the corpse of an individual from Chaimavida (36°50'S; 73°03'W) and cestodes (Taenia taeniaeformis, Spirometra mansonoides and Taenia sp.).…”

“…The parasitic fauna of these species is not completely registered and there is only one study on Darwin's fox faeces carried out in the Chiloé Island (Jiménez et al 2012). For kodkod, few parasitic studies have been performed mainly on the basis of necropsies of animals found dead, and not on coproparasitic exams (Fernández & Villalba 1984;González-Acuña et al 2010).…”

Toxocariasis in Carnivora from Argentinean Patagonia: Species molecular identification, hosts, and geographical distribution

“…Definitive hosts of T. cati are mainly felids and include: cat ( Felis catus ), wild cat ( Felis silvestris ), serval ( Felis serval ), lynx ( Lynx lynx ), Iberian lynx ( Lynx pardinus ), cheetah ( Actinomyx jubatus ), cougar ( Puma concolor ), lion ( Panthera leo ), American leopard ( Panthera onca ), tiger ( Panthera tigris ), jaguarundi ( Herpailurus yagouaroundi ), ocelot ( Leopardus pardalis ), spoted cat ( Leopardus tigrinus ), Geoffroy's cat ( Leopardus geoffroyi ), Chilean pampa cat ( Leopardus colocolo ), tiger cat ( Leopardus tigrinus ), kodkod ( Leopardus guigna ), and Pallas cat ( Otocolobus manul) , among others ( Rodríguez and Carbonell, 1998 ; Beldoménico et al, 2005 ; González-Acuña et al, 2010 ; Okulewicz et al, 2012 ; Gallas and Fraga da Silveira, 2013 ; Cruz Hurtado and Muñoz Huamaní, 2016 ; Heddergott et al, 2016 ). Nevertheless, there are a few reports of T. cati in mustelids ( Martens martes , European pine marten and Martens foina , beech marten) and canids ( Vulpes vulpes , red fox and Vulpes macrotis , kit fox) ( Rodríguez and Carbonell, 1998 ; Górski et al, 2006 ; Ubelaker et al, 2014 ).…”

Research Note. Trichinella spiralis parasitizing Puma concolor: first record in wildlife in Chile

“…and can be considered as a source of infection, this fi nding must be looked at carefully because a sylvatic cycle implies the existence of several host species, which, in turn, supports the hypothesis that the parasite is cycling in the sylvatic environment. There is no report of Trichinella in wild hosts other than in P. concolor in Chile (Álvarez, et al, 1970;González-Acuña, et al, 2010), and rats reported to host Trichinella larvae have been found only in association with human settlements (e. g. Poupin, 1897). Thus, in Chile, the cougar and the wild boar are the only species that represent any evidence of a possibly existing sylvatic cycle of Trichinella (García, et al, 2005;Hidalgo, et al, 2013).…”

“…In Chile, Trichinella has been found in domestic pigs (Poupin, 1897;Schenone, et al, 1999), dogs, cats (Álvarez, et al, 1970), and synanthropic rats (several reports from Poupin, 1897), but only isolates taken from pigs and brown rats have been identifi ed at species level as T. spiralis (Schenone, et al, 2002;Fonseca-Salamanca, et al, 2006;ITRC-ISS, 2014). On the other hand, there are only three published articles, those by Álvarez et al (1970), González-Acuña et al (2010) and Hidalgo et al (2013), concerning Trichinella in wildlife. The two former studies, which did not fi nd Trichinella larvae, included six rodent species, two canid species, two mustelid species (one of them classifi ed as a rodent by Álvarez et al (1970)), two felid species, two lagomorph species (classifi ed as rodents in by Álvarez et al (1970)), and three whale species.…”