Endoparasites in a Norwegian moose (Alces alces) population – Faunal diversity, abundance and body condition

Davidson, Rebecca K.; Ličina, Tina; Gorini, Lucrezia; Milner, Jos M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijppaw.2014.12.005

Cited by 29 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…According to coprology study results, other parasites were found such as Trichostrongylus spp. The fact that nematodes are more frequent than the presence of trematodes of Cervidae also is confirmed by other studies in Lithuania (Aukštikalniene, Bukelskis, & Kašetaite, 2007), in Poland and in Norway (Davidson et al, 2015), where scientists found that the most common nematode of elks was Trichuris spp. and of deers -Strongyloides spp.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Several studies have found that the extent of the infestation of parafasciolopsosis reaches 69% -100% . In contrast, in other studies carried out in North America (Bildfell et al, 2007;James & Maskey, 2011) and Norway (Davidson et al, 2015), where the elk population is dense, trematode Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha was not detected. In a study conducted in Lithuania in 2007 to detect internal parasitic fauna of elks, trematode Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha was not detected, though Fasciola hepatica was detected (Davidson et al, 2014;Aukštikalniene et al, 2007;Bildfell et al, 2007;James & Maskey, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Histopathological changes in liver of elks with Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha invasion

Bergmane¹,

Bērziņa²,

Visocka³

2019

Research for Rural Development

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Parafasciolopsosis is a parasitological disease which is caused by the liver fluke Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha. This parasite which belongs to herbivores often causes invasion in elks (Alces alces). The aim of our study was to diagnose the parasite and investigate what kind of histopathological changes it caused in the liver tissue. The study took place in Parasitology. During the study from 2017 to 2018 we collected liver samples and faeces from 46 felled elks of different age and gender, from all over Latvia. Ten grams of faeces were examined for trematode eggs by sedimentation method and a section of liver was examined for the presence of flukes and the histological structure of the liver. In this study Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha were found in 11 samples of liver from 46 elks, with invasion extensity of 24%. The histopathological examination of the liver samples revealed fibrosis, proliferation of bile ducts, pericholangitis, calcerous deposits in bile ducts and other notable histological changes in the liver tissue that can cause hepatic trematodes.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Histopathological changes in liver of elks with Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha invasion

Bergmane¹,

Bērziņa²,

Visocka³

2019

Research for Rural Development

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“…Parasitic infections are one of the factors influencing the health status and condition of wild ruminants which often serve as the first link in the spread of parasites in the natural environment ( Filip et al, 2017 ). In many cases, helminth parasites are characterized by subclinical effects, but particularly in overpopulation they are key to bottom-up population control and can cause a decline in population size ( Davidson et al, 2015 ; Filip and Demiaszkiewicz, 2016 ). Although moose are characterized by relatively high susceptibility to parasitic diseases, studies on parasite species richness in moose population in Poland have been scarce ( Filip-Hutsch et al, 2020 ) when compared with other ungulate species such as the European bison ( Bison bonasus ; Karbowiak et al, 2014a , 2014b ; Kołodziej-Sobocińska et al, 2018 ; Krzysiak et al, 2020 ) or red deer ( Cervus elaphus ; Pilarczyk et al, 2005 ; Kowal et al, 2015 ; Pyziel et al, 2017 ; Demiaszkiewicz et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High population densities combined with declines in natural forage availability ( Mathisen et al, 2014 ), cohort effects ( Wam et al, 2010 ), and climate warming ( van Beest and Milner, 2013 ) may be important factors in the transmission of parasites between individuals. The understanding of the distribution of parasite species across wild animal populations is of basic and applied importance, because parasites can have pronounced effects on body mass and the condition of their hosts, thereby influencing host population dynamics ( Davidson et al, 2015 ). Polyparasitism, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distinct endoparasite species have different properties regarding localization in a host, pathogenicity, prepatent period, and fecundity, but their eggs, oocysts, larvae or tissues usually are excreted in host faeces. Conventional identification based on macroscopic methods is labour-intensive and time-consuming, and requires specialized expertise due to the overlapping morphological characteristics among different species, and hence may be error-prone ( Davidson et al, 2015 ; Filip-Hutsch et al, 2020 ). The prevalence and intensity of parasitic infections differ depending on the season and climate conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex-biased polyparasitism in moose (Alces alces) based on molecular analysis of faecal samples

Świsłocka

Borkowska

Matosiuk

et al. 2020

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Simultaneous infection with multiple parasite species in an individual host is often observed in wild populations. The understanding of parasite species distribution across populations of wild animals is of basic and applied importance, because parasites can have pronounced effects on the dynamics of host population. Here, we quantified prevalence and endoparasite species richness in moose and explored sex-biased polyparasitism using diagnostic PCR method coupled with DNA sequencing of moose faecal samples from the Biebrza River valley, North-Eastern Poland. This is the largest moose population in Central Europe that has not been harvested for almost 20 years. We also evaluated the appropriate quantity of faeces for detecting DNA of parasite species. Faecal samples were screened for molecular markers of 10 different species of endoparasites. Endoparasite prevalence was high in the studied population. Almost all of the samples (98%) tested positive for at least one parasite species, and we found polyparasitism in the majority of the tested individuals. The number of different parasite species found in a single individual ranged from 0 to 9. The parasite species richness was significantly higher in male than in female individuals. The most prevalent were liver fluke Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha and gastrointestinal nematodes Ostertargia sp. Of the ten endoparasite species detected, only the prevalence of the tapeworm Moniezia benedeni was significantly higher in males than in females. Additionally, we identified co-occurrence associations of parasite species, which tended to be random, but we noted some evidence of both positive and negative associations. Our findings promote applications of molecular methods for parasite species identification from non-invasively collected faecal samples in management and scientific study of moose population, which should include investigation of parasite status, and in health monitoring programs for other wild cervids.

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Helminths of captive and free‐ranging populations of the mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella): Evidence from faecal examination

Karaer,

Sönmez,

Madak

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundUnderstanding parasite diversity in wild and captive animal populations has critical implications for both individual animal health and ecosystem dynamics in a broader sense. In mountain gazelles (Gazella gazella), the gastrointestinal helminth community is poorly understood, limiting our efforts in the conservation of this endangered bovid species. This species has only two remaining populations in the world, including the isolated northernmost population in Türkiye.ObjectivesTo identify and compare the diversity and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in captive and free‐ranging populations of mountain gazelles in Hatay, Türkiye, and to assess potential zoonotic risks.MethodsIn total, 105 fresh faecal samples, 45 individual samples and 60 faecal samples, representing 16 pools, from both captive and free‐ranging populations were collected and analysed using Fulleborn flotation, Benedek sedimentation and Bearman–Wetzel methods faecal flotation methods, including the McMaster technique to determine the severity of infection.ResultsWe detected 12 helminth taxa in our examination of faecal samples, including gastrointestinal nematodes, lungworms and trematodes. Parasites from the Trichostrongyloidea family demonstrated variable hatching stages and rates, potentially influenced by ambient conditions. We also detected one protozoan among the samples. Our results revealed a higher diversity of parasites in free‐ranging populations compared to captive ones.ConclusionsThis study underscores the necessity for regular parasitological surveillance in both captive and free‐ranging wildlife populations for effective conservation management. It also contributes to the ‘One Health’ perspective by highlighting the potential zoonotic risks posed by parasites in wild ruminants. Our results have implications for the conservation and management of the mountain gazelle.

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Endoparasites in a Norwegian moose (Alces alces) population – Faunal diversity, abundance and body condition

Abstract: Graphical Abstract

Cited by 29 publications

References 41 publications

Histopathological changes in liver of elks with Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha invasion

Histopathological changes in liver of elks with Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha invasion

Sex-biased polyparasitism in moose (Alces alces) based on molecular analysis of faecal samples

Helminths of captive and free‐ranging populations of the mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella): Evidence from faecal examination

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