Endometriosis of the Urinary Bladder Causing a Right Hydronephrosis: A Case Report

Abstract

Patient: Female, 25Final Diagnosis: Unusual clinical courseSymptoms: Flank pain • nocturia • urinary frequency • urinary incontinenceMedication: —Clinical Procedure: —Specialty: UrologyObjective:Unusual clinical courseBackground:Endometriosis is a chronic and benign condition in which endometrial glands and stroma are present outside the uterine cavity. The pathogenesis of endometriosis is not fully understood; however, several mechanisms have been hypothesized. Endometriosis is a common clinical presentation in gynecology, but affecting the urinary tract is a rare phenomenon, occurring in 0.3–12% of cases. In more severe forms, the initial presentation may be hydronephrosis or infertility.Case Report:We describe the case of a 25-year-old Saudi woman who presented with obstructive urinary tract symptoms and was diagnosed with urinary bladder endometriosis complicated with a right hydronephrosis. After thorough investigations and workups, the management was taken on by a multidisciplinary team approach.Conclusions:This case report shows that hormonal therapy management resulted in a satisfactory outcome contrary to the surgical resection approach that is discussed in many articles.

Scar Endometriosis: A Black and White Review of a Red Giant

“…International classification of diseases defined endometriosis as "a disease characterized by the presence of tissue resembling endometrium (the lining of the uterus) outside the uterus" 1 Ovaries and pelvic peritoneum are the most common host sites for ectopic endometrium, but a number of extrapelvic organ systems, such as gastrointestinal tract, the urinary tract, the respiratory system, and parietal wall have been reported in the literature. [2][3][4] Abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) which represents the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue in the subcutaneous and/or muscle of the abdominal wall is one of the least encountered entities and cesarean scar endometriosis (CSE), that is, AWE associated with CS scar is the most common of the lot; especially because of ever-increasing number of CSs being performed globally. [5][6][7][8]…”