Endometriosis and the development of malignant tumours of the pelvis. A review of literature

Endometriosis affects between 5 and 45% of women in reproductive age, is associated with significant morbidity, and constitutes a major public health concern. The correct diagnosis is fundamental in defining the best treatment strategy for endometriosis. Therefore, non-invasive methods are required to obtain accurate diagnoses of the location and extent of endometriotic lesions. Transvaginal sonography and magnetic resonance imaging are used most frequently to identify and characterise lesions in endometriosis. Subjective impression by an experienced sonologist for identifying endometriomas by ultrasound showed a high accuracy. Adhesions can be evaluated by real-time dynamic transvaginal sonography, using the sliding sign technique, to determine whether the uterus and ovaries glide freely over the posterior and anterior organs and tissues. Diagnosis is difficult when ovarian endometriomas are absent and endometriosis causes adhesions and deep infiltrating nodules in the pelvic organs. Magnetic resonance imaging seems to be useful in diagnosing all locations of endometriosis, and its diagnostic accuracy is similar to those obtained using ultrasound. Transvaginal ultrasound has been proposed as first line-line imaging technique because it is well accepted and widely available. The main limitation of ultrasound concerns lesions located above the rectosigmoid junction owing to the limited field-of-view of the transvaginal approach and low accuracy in detecting upper bowel lesions by transabdominal ultrasound. A detailed non-invasive diagnosis of the extension in the pelvis of endometriosis can facilitate the choice of a safe and adequate surgical or medical treatment

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“…Moreover, an endometrioid adenocarcinoma or clear-cell carcinoma may develop in endometriomas [8][9][10].…”

Section: Endometrioma Diagnostic Imaging and Implications For Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging for the evaluation of endometriosis and adenomyosis

Exacoustòs

Manganaro

Zupi

2014

Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecol

207

143

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“…It has been seen a direct transition from clearly benign epithelium through atypical endometriosis to carcinoma. This association suggest that atypical endometriosis can act as a precancerous lesion, as seen in atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium (Van Gorp et al, 2004).…”

Section: Malignancymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The rectovaginal septum, rectosigmoid colon, vagina, and pelvic peritoneum represented the majority of extragonadal sites. Other locations include: bowel, umbilicus, lymph node, urinary tract, pleura, diaphragm, lung, etc (Slavin et al, 2000;Van Gorp et al, 2004;Yantiss et al, 2001). Two possible explanations for the relation-ship between endometriosis and intraperitoneal cancer have been proposed: (i) endometriotic implants undergo malignant transformation secondary to genetic defects (p53 mutations) (Akahane et al, 2007) that also serve to enable the endometriosis to thrive, or (ii) women with endometriosis have a defect in their immune system that enables the endometriosis to flourish, and this baseline defect leaves them more susceptible to subsequent malignant transformation (Modesitt et al, 2002).…”

Section: Malignancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extragonadal lesions are mostly endometrioid tumors (66%) and sarcomas (25%); clear cell histology is seen in only 4.5% of extragonadal malignancies. Tumors arising in endometriosis are predominantly low grade and confined to the site of origin (Slavin et al, 2000;Van Gorp et al, 2004). The histopathological criteria to classify a malignancy as arising from endometriosis include the demonstration of cancer arising in the tissue and not invading it from another source, and the presence of tissue resembling endometrial stroma surrounding the epithelial glands (Slavin et al, 2000).…”

Section: Malignancymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abdominopelvic Complications of Endometriosis

Rey-Moreno¹

2012

Endometriosis - Basic Concepts and Current Research Trends

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“…The disease is characterized by local aggressiveness, and the risk of recurrence requires both surgical and hormonal treatments. Therefore, although it is a benign, it may be considered a kind of true neoplastic process [5]. The diagnosis is often a pitfall as patients are usually diagnosed as having hematoma, granuloma, keloid, incisional hernia, and vascular malformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abdominal Scar Endometriosis

Samal

Behera

Sahoo³

2012

Indian J Surg

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Abdominal scar endometriosis is very rare. We report a case of abdominal scar endometriosis in a 32-yearold woman presented with a blue lesion over the abdominal scar for 7 months. She had history of intermittent dull aching pain over the scar for 5 years. Excision of the lump was done with the clinical diagnosis of vascular malformation over the scar. The specimen was sent for histopathological examination. The histopathological report revealed decidual change in the scar tissue suggesting abdominal scar endometriosis. Abdominal scar endometriosis should be kept in mind while dealing a case of the painful lump over the abdominal scar in any woman of childbearing age having a history of obstetric or gynecological procedure.

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Endometriosis and the development of malignant tumours of the pelvis. A review of literature

Cited by 277 publications

References 80 publications

Imaging for the evaluation of endometriosis and adenomyosis

Imaging for the evaluation of endometriosis and adenomyosis

Abdominopelvic Complications of Endometriosis

Abdominal Scar Endometriosis

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