Endometrial microbial flora of hysterectomy specimens

Teisala, Klaus

doi:10.1016/0028-2243(87)90050-5

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Studies using a similar strategy of incising a hysterectomy specimen to collect samples, but using culture to identify bacterial colonization, report rates of intrauterine bacterial colonization ranging from 0% among 10 women from Finland 22 to 31% in a cohort of 100 women from England. 16 Studies using transcervical sampling report higher rates of intrauterine bacterial colonization, ranging from 33% 18 to 60%, 17 but the degree of cervical or vaginal contamination of the endometrial specimen is unknown.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of ostensibly healthy women report a variable rate of uterine bacterial colonization by culture, ranging from 0–82%. 13–22 This wide range is due in part to differences in sample collection: studies using hysterectomy or transfundal sampling had lower rates (0–24%) 13–16,22 compared to those using transcervical sampling (33–82%). 17,18,21 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colonization of the upper genital tract by vaginal bacterial species in nonpregnant women

Mitchell

Haick

Nkwopara

et al. 2015

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

295

240

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Objective Evaluate upper genital tract (UGT) presence of vaginal bacterial species using sensitive molecular methods capable of detecting fastidious bacterial vaginosis (BV)-associated bacteria. Study Design Vaginal swabs were collected prior to hysterectomy. The excised uterus was sterilely opened and swabs collected from endometrium and upper endocervix. DNA was tested in 11 quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays for 12 bacterial species: Lactobacillus iners, L. crispatus, L. jensenii, Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Megasphaera spp., Prevotella spp., Leptotrichia/Sneathia, BVAB1, BVAB2, BVAB3 and a broad-range16S rRNA gene assay. Endometrial fluid was tested with Luminex and ELISA for cytokines and defensins, and tissue for gene expression of defensins and cathelicidin. Results We enrolled 58 women: mean age 43 + 7 years, mostly white (n = 46; 79%) and BV-negative (n = 43; 74%). By species-specific qPCR, 55 (95%) had UGT colonization with at least one species (n = 52), or were positive by 16S PCR (n = 3). The most common species were L. iners (45% UGT, 61% vagina), Prevotella spp. (33% UGT, 76% vagina) and L. crispatus (33% UGT, 56% vagina). Median quantities of bacteria in the UGT were lower than vaginal levels by 2–4 log10 rRNA gene copies/swab. There were no differences in endometrial inflammatory markers between women with no bacteria, Lactobacillus only or any BV-associated species in the UGT. Conclusion Our data suggest that the endometrial cavity is not sterile in most women undergoing hysterectomy, and that the presence of low levels of bacteria in the uterus is not associated with significant inflammation.

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Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization of the upper genital tract by vaginal bacterial species in nonpregnant women

Mitchell

Haick

Nkwopara

et al. 2015

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

295

240

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] This phenomenon is also observed for the endometrium of women between pregnancies, [6][7] raising the possibility that gravid deciduas also frequently harbor bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Colonization of second-trimester placenta parenchyma

Onderdonk¹,

Hecht²,

McElrath³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

126

103

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Objective-The overtly healthy, non-pregnant uterus harbors bacteria, Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma. The extent of colonization remains elusive, as are relationships between isolated microorganisms, preterm labor and fetal inflammation.Study Design-Biopsies of chorion parenchyma from 1083 placentas delivered before the beginning of the 28 th week of gestation were cultured, and the placenta was examined histologically. The frequencies of individual microorganisms and groups of microorganisms were evaluated in strata of processes leading to preterm delivery, routes of delivery, gestational age, and placenta morphology Results-Placentas delivered by cesarean section with preeclampsia had the lowest bacterial recovery rate (25%). Preterm labor had the highest rates, which decreased with increasing gestational age from 79% at 23 weeks to 43% at 27 weeks. The presence of microorganisms in placenta Conclusions-The high rate of colonization appears to coincide with phenomena associated with preterm delivery and gestational age. The presence of microorganisms within placenta parenchyma is biologically important.

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“…27 Introduction of bacteria into these tissues is typically associated with identifiable disease (endometritis or pelvic inflammatory disease 28,29 ). However, the results of several culture-based based investigations documenting recovery of organisms from the endometrium of healthy, asymptomatic women challenge this notion of sterility.…”

Section: Normal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota of the upper and lower genital tract

Rampersaud

Randis

Ratner

2012

Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine

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Summary Our understanding of the bacterial species inhabiting the female genital tract has been limited primarily by our ability to detect them. Early investigations using microscopy and culture-based techniques identified lactobacilli as the predominant members of the vaginal microbiota and suggested that these organisms might serve a protective function at the mucosal surface. Improvements in cultivation techniques and the development of molecular-based detection strategies validated these early findings and enabled us to recognize that the microbiota of the female genital tract is much more complex than previously suspected. Disruption of the vaginal microbial community due to invasion of exogenous organisms or by overgrowth of one or more endogenous species has important health implications for both the mother and newborn.

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Endometrial microbial flora of hysterectomy specimens

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Colonization of the upper genital tract by vaginal bacterial species in nonpregnant women

Colonization of the upper genital tract by vaginal bacterial species in nonpregnant women

Colonization of second-trimester placenta parenchyma

Microbiota of the upper and lower genital tract

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