Endometrial injection of embryo culture supernatant for subfertile women in assisted reproduction

Endometrial injection of embryo culture supernatant may adversely affect assisted reproductive technology outcomes in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles: A retrospective case-control study

“…Furthermore, a 2020 Cochrane review and several studies found no evidence of the bene ts of the endometrial injection of the embryo culture supernatant in ART [9][10][11][12]14]. Kamath et al reported a lower implantation rate in a group that underwent endometrial injection of the embryo culture supernatant compared to that in a group that did not undergo this procedure, which is consistent with the ndings of our study.…”

“…Several randomized trials on the endometrial injection of embryo culture supernatants have been conducted; however, all involved small sample sizes. Furthermore, meta-analyses of these studies failed to demonstrate any signi cant effects on ART outcomes [9]. In addition, endometrial injection of the embryo culture supernatant has not been reported in a large number of FET cycles [4,[10][11][12], and the evidence is lower.…”

Is modified embryo transfer technique related to an increased pregnancy rate?

“…10 Additionally, although evidence is uncertain, there is a trend to show the little benefit on the increased live birth/ongoing pregnancy rates if endometrial injection of embryo culture supernatant before ET was performed (odds ratio [OR] 1.11; 95% CI 0.73–1.70). 14 Based on the authors’ results, we believe that the rotation of catheter is also not involved in the endometrial injury.…”

“…Third, we are wondering whether the rotation of catheter during ET may stimulate the endometrium or provide a minimal traumatic effect on the endometrium, which are reported to be beneficial on the increased pregnancy rate before ET, although the evidence may be low. 10,13,14 One Cochrane Systematic Review showed there was no evidence of benefits with the following interventions, such as full bladder, removal of cervical mucus, flushing the endocervical canal, or the endometrial cavity. 13 By contrast, a recent multicenter clinical trial showed a minimal traumatic effect (endometrial scratching) may provide a little, but a true difference (95% CI −0.7% to +9.9%) of an increased live birth rate during ET or subsequent ET with RR of 1.24 (95% CI 0.96-1.59), and 95% CI −1.2% to +11.4%, respectively.…”

Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy With Comprehensive Chromosome Screening in Patients Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization

“…The primary outcome was live birth, defined as the birth of a live newborn after 20 weeks of gestation after one IVF cycle (or first embryo transfer), including the results of cryopreserved thawed embryo transfers. 3,21,22 Secondary outcomes were clinical pregnancy rates (defined as the presence of an intrauterine gestational sac with or without a fetal heartbeat), ongoing pregnancy (defined as ultrasonographically confirmed evidence of a gestational sac with fetal heart motion at 12 weeks of gestation or beyond), miscarriage (defined as the loss of a pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation and after visualization of a gestational sac), multiple pregnancy (defined as more than one fetus with cardiac activity at the time of discharge to obstetric care), and birth weight.…”