Endometrial cytology and ultrasonography for the detection of subclinical endometritis in postpartum dairy cows

Kasimanickam, R.; Duffield, T.F.; Foster, Robert A.; Gartley, Cathy; Leslie, K.E.; Walton, J.S.; Johnson, Walter H.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2003.03.001

Cited by 491 publications

(465 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This is basically due to the lack of agreement about the threshold values of PMN cells and the possible false negatives that can be diagnosed. In subclinical endometritis, the threshold values mentioned in different studies ranged from 5 to 18% (Kasimanickam et al, 2004, Barlund et al, 2008, Barański et al, 2012. These differences in the percentages of PMN between the studies are based on the inflammatory changes in the uterus after parturition showing higher percentage of PMN during first weeks postpartum, decreasing by the time of uterine involution (Barański et al, 2012).…”

Section: Collection Of Endometrial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Several studies have assessed the accumulation of uterine fluid by ultrasound during the oestrous cycle (Fissore et al, 1986, Kastelic et al, 1991 early pregnancy (Scully et al, 2015) and postpartum (Mateus et al, 2002, Kasimanickam et al, 2004, Barlund et al, 2008. During the oestrous cycle, there is limited uterine fluid in the luteal phase, but the fluid increases many-fold during the periovulatory period and when the cow enters oestrus.…”

Section: Non-invasive Uterine Assessment Of Endometrial Receptivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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63 Effect of Endometrial Biopsy on Uterine Health of Tropically Adapted Beef Cattle

Ramirez-Garzon

Satake

Lyons

et al. 2017

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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In cattle, early embryonic loss during the first two to three weeks after fertilisation is recognised as the major cause of reproductive failure, with consequent significant impacts on business performance of beef and dairy farms. Inadequate endometrial receptivity is considered an important cause of early embryonic mortality in cattle. A pilot experiment was conducted to compare the outcome of performing different endometrial sampling procedures in tropically adapted (Bos indicus x Bos taurus) heifers, and to select the most suitable method to collect samples for investigation of endometrial gene expression. Endometrial biopsy (EB) using a biopsy device with a diameter similar to an artificial insemination gun (10366L Karl Storz®, Germany) was found to be the most reliable method of collecting endometrial samples in these heifers, with the samples recovered yielding a mean concentration of RNA of 72.9 ±39.3 ng/µl and mean RNA integrity number (RIN) of 7.3 ±1.1.To assess the likely safety of conducting EB in cattle a systematic review of published information assessing the impact of EB on subsequent pregnancy rates was conducted. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol, online searches identified 1164 possible studies. After applying the exclusion criteria, six studies allowed the comparison of pregnancy rates between sampled (n= 1,208) and non-sampled cows (n=2,393). The results showed that EB can be performed before breeding without adversely affecting the likelihood of cows becoming pregnant.A major objective of the research was to determine whether EB and evaluation of endometrial gene expression could be used to identify tropically adapted embryo transfer (ET) recipients more likely to become pregnant. Three potential EB scenarios were investigated, 1) EB on Day 7 of the oestrous cycle prior to the cycle when ET would be performed, 2) EB on Day 4 of the oestrous cycle in which ET would be performed i.e. EB 3 days before ET, and 3) EB on the same day when ET would be performed.The first study assessed the morphological and inflammatory changes induced by endometrial biopsy. Pre-synchronised heifers underwent EB from the horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum (CL) either at Day 7 of the previous cycle (Group 1 n=10) followed by administration of a luteolytic dose of prostaglandin F2α or at Day 4 (Group 2, n=7) of the present cycle. All heifers were slaughtered on Day 7 of the present cycle. The site of EB was visually evident in 40% (4/10) of Group 1 and 42% (3/7) of Group 2 heifers. Histological assessment revealed no evidence of changes indicative of endometritis in either the biopsied or non-biopsied horns in both groups. The histological iii changes observed included mild mononuclear infiltration of the epithelium and mild vascular changes associated with haemorrhage and congestion.Initial investigation of the endometrial expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1β and wound healing cytokine TGFβ genes found no significant difference betwe...

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Section: Collection Of Endometrial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Non-invasive Uterine Assessment Of Endometrial Receptivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

63 Effect of Endometrial Biopsy on Uterine Health of Tropically Adapted Beef Cattle

Ramirez-Garzon

Satake

Lyons

et al. 2017

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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“…(porcentaje) en el número de neutrófilos polimorfoEn la actualidad, existen varios informes polémicos nucleares (PMN; en relación a células epiteliales disponibles en la literatura sobre la eficacia de los endometriales) en la luz uterina, sin signos clínicos protocolos de tratamiento para EC / DVP. Ahora bien, visibles, pero que perjudica significativamente la dos tratamientos son los más utilizados: inyecciones fertilidad [7,[50][51][52]. Dado que la ESC no puede ser parenterales de prostaglandinas (PGF2á) y detectada por simple inspección visual, son antibióticos intrauterinos [36].…”

Section: Endometritis Subclinicaunclassified

“…En este contexto, múltiples autores han investigado su potencial para diagnosticar ESC [1, 50,64]. Se ha demostrado que la presencia de líquido en el útero entre 20 y 47 días después del parto está asociada con una reducción significativa en la tasa relativa de preñez en comparación con vacas que aparecían "limpias" en el examen [50,[67][68][69]. Sin embargo, el acuerdo estadístico (valor Kappa) entre la ecografía y la citología endometrial es bajo, lo que significa que la ecografía y la citología miden dos representaciones diferentes de la ESC.…”

Section: Endometritis Subclínica Y Ultrasonografíaunclassified

“…Sin embargo, el acuerdo estadístico (valor Kappa) entre la ecografía y la citología endometrial es bajo, lo que significa que la ecografía y la citología miden dos representaciones diferentes de la ESC. Por un lado, el mecanismo de depuración del útero (fluido luminal) y, por otro lado, la respuesta celular del útero inflamado (PMN en láminas citológicas) [1,50]. Otro parámetro utilizado para diagnosticar la ESC es el espesor endometrial medido por ultrasonido.…”

Section: Endometritis Subclínica Y Ultrasonografíaunclassified

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Diagnosis and Treatment of Postpartum Uterine Diseases in Dairy Cows: A Review With Emphasis on Subclinical Endometritis

Pascottini

Opsomer

2017

Compend. cienc. vet

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ABSTRACT. In this review, updated and precise definitions of the most common postpartum uterine diseases in dairy cows are provided. An aberrant uterine environment at inappropriate stages of the reproductive cycle inflicts damage to gametes and zygotes, impairing the reproductive performance of dairy cows. This involves major economic losses for the milk production unit. Consequently, an accurate diagnosis of postpartum uterine diseases is indispensable for practitioners to set up a prompt and efficient treatment. This review furthermore emphasizes on the new perspectives regarding diagnosis and treatment of subclinical endometritis, a highly prevalent uterine disease that is often overlooked by practitioners while causing major reproductive problems. Based on a more profound clinical understanding of the postpartum uterine disease complex, practitioners will be able to better use the available diagnostic tools and therefore apply a more efficient therapeutic approach. RESUMEN. El objetivo de este artículo de revisión es proporcionar definiciones actualizadas y precisas de las enfermedades uterinas posparto más comunes en vacas lecheras. Un ambiente uterino hostil en etapas inapropiadas del ciclo reproductivo inflige daño a los gametos y cigotos, lo que perjudica el rendimiento reproductivo de las vacas lecheras. En este contexto, una menor fertilidad contribuye negativamente al éxito económico de la unidad de producción lechera. En consecuencia, un diagnóstico adecuado de la enfermedad del útero en el posparto es indispensable para que los profesionales veterinarios puedan establecer un tratamiento con prontitud y eficacia. Esta revisión hace hincapié en las nuevas perspectivas de diagnóstico y tratamiento de la endometritis subclínica, una patología uterina de alta prevalencia que a menudo los profesionales pasan por alto. Así, con una profunda comprensión clínica del complejo de enfermedades del posparto uterino, podrán utilizarse mejor las herramientas de diagnóstico disponibles y por lo tanto aplicar un enfoque terapéutico más eficiente. KeywordsPalabras clave: vacas lecheras, endometritis, citología

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Postpartum Uterine Infection

Palmer

2014

Bovine Reproduction

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Endometrial cytology and ultrasonography for the detection of subclinical endometritis in postpartum dairy cows

Cited by 491 publications

References 31 publications

63 Effect of Endometrial Biopsy on Uterine Health of Tropically Adapted Beef Cattle

63 Effect of Endometrial Biopsy on Uterine Health of Tropically Adapted Beef Cattle

Diagnosis and Treatment of Postpartum Uterine Diseases in Dairy Cows: A Review With Emphasis on Subclinical Endometritis

Postpartum Uterine Infection

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