Endometrial cancer: an overview of novelties in treatment and related imaging keypoints for local staging

Rizzo, Stefania; Femia, Marco; Buscarino, Valentina; Franchi, D.; Garbi, Annalisa; Zanagnolo, Vanna; Grande, Maria Del; Manganaro, Lucia; Alessi, S.; Giannitto, Caterina; Ruju, Francesca; Bellomi, Massimo

doi:10.1186/s40644-018-0180-6

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…(22) were obtained at 1.5-T MRI, while in this work, the studies were taken at 3.0-T MRI for all patients to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio. Available data show that the sensitivity of 1.5 T is lower than that of 3.0 T in evaluating parametrial status and lymph node metastasis in EC (23, 24). Further, performance of 1.5-T MRI may be lower than that of 3.0-T MRI in predicting tumor grade; thus, the previous hypothesis requires further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on 3-T MRI differentiates myometrial invasion depth and histological grade in patients with endometrial cancer

et al. 2020

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Background Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement provides additional information about tumor microstructure with potential relevance for staging and predicting aggressive disease in patients with endometrial cancer (EC). Purpose To determine whether ADC values in EC diverge according to the tumor’s histologic grade and myometrial invasion depth. Material and Methods A sample of 48 pathologically confirmed cases of EC were reviewed retrospectively. The sample was distributed as follows: G1 (n = 9); G2 (n = 18); G3 (n = 21); with myometrial invasion <50% (n = 31); and with myometrial invasion ≥50% (n = 17). DW images were performed at 3.0T with b factors of 0–1000/mm2. The region of interest (ROI) was defined within the tumor with T1-weighted and T2-weighted imaging and copied manually to an ADC map. The tumor’s grade and myometrial invasion’s depth were determined by postoperative histopathological tests. Results The means of ADCmin and ADCmean values were significantly lower for patients with G2 and G3 endometrial tumors than G1. The same tendency was observed in myometrial invasion, as both ADCmin and ADCmean values were lower for patients with deep than for those with superficial myometrial invasion. The cut-off values of the ADCmin and ADCmean that predicted high-grade tumors were 0.69 × 10−3 mm2/s and 0.82 × 10−3 mm2/s, respectively, while those for myometrial infiltration were 0.70 × 10−3 mm2/s (ADCmin) and 0.88 × 10−3 mm2/s (ADCmean). Conclusion ADCmin and ADCmean values correlated with histologic tumor grade and myometrial invasion depth; therefore, it is suggested that ADC on MRI may be a useful indicator to predict malignancy of ECs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on 3-T MRI differentiates myometrial invasion depth and histological grade in patients with endometrial cancer

et al. 2020

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“…There were over 600,000 new cases and just under 100,000 deaths from endometrial cancer in 2020 [9]. EC mostly affects postmenopausal women, however, up to 25% of cases are diagnosed before menopause [10]. The main risk factors include obesity, diabetes, unopposed estrogen therapy, tamoxifen, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and nulliparity [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Pattern of Leptin and Its Receptors in Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer

Boroń

Nowakowski²,

Grabarek

et al. 2021

JCM

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The identification of novel molecular markers and the development of cancer treatment strategies are very important as cancer incidence is still very high. Obesity can contribute to cancer progression, including endometrial cancer. Adipocytes secrete leptin, which, when at a high level, is associated with an increased risk of cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the expression profile of leptin-related genes in the endometrial tissue samples and whole blood of patients. The study material included tissue samples and whole blood collected from 30 patients with endometrial cancer and 30 without cancer. Microarrays were used to assess the expression profile of leptin-related genes. Then, the expression of leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEPR), leptin receptor overlapping transcript (LEPROT), and leptin receptor overlapping transcript-like 1 (LEPROTL1) was determined by the Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription Reaction (RT-qPCR). The serum leptin concentration was evaluated using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Leptin and its receptors were overexpressed both at the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, there were strong positive correlations between leptin levels and patient Body Mass Index (BMI). Elevated levels of leptin and its receptors may potentially contribute to the progression of endometrial cancer. These observations may be useful in designing endometrial cancer treatment strategies.

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“…As one of the most prevalent gynecological malignancies, uterine corpus endometrial cancer (UCEC) brings about approximately 200000 diagnosed cases and 76000 female deaths all over the world annually 1 , 2 . With all the innovating diagnosis, drugs and therapies emerging, the incidence of UCEC is rising 3 , and the 5-year survival rate of advanced UCEC patients is below 20%, which reflects a very poor prognosis 4 . Hence, novel insights into the molecular mechanisms and genetic characteristics of UCEC progression are urgently demanded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD45RO^-CD8⁺ T cell-derived exosomes restrict estrogen-driven endometrial cancer development via the ERβ/miR-765/PLP2/Notch axis

Zhou¹,

Zhang²,

Xie³

et al. 2021

Theranostics

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Rationale: Estrogen-dependent cancers (e.g., breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. Recently, exosomes released by tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells have been under the spotlight in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Our study aims at elucidating the underlying mechanisms of the crosstalk between estrogen signaling and CD8 + T cells, and possible intervention values in uterine corpus endometrial cancer (UCEC). Methods: Micro RNA-seq was conducted to screen differentially expressed micro RNA in UCEC. Bioinformatic analysis was processed to predict the target of miR-765. RNA silencing or overexpressing and pharmacologic inhibitors were used to assess the functions of ERβ/miR-765/PLP2/Notch axis in UCEC cell proliferation and invasion in vivo and in vitro . In vivo imaging was performed to evaluate the metastasis of tumor in mice. Combined fluorescent in situ hybridization for miR-765 and immunofluorescent labeling for CD8 was carried out to prove the co-localization between miR-765 and CD8 + T cells. Exosomes derived from CD45RO - CD8 + T cells were isolated to detect the regulatory effects on UCEC. Results: miR-765 is characterized as the most downregulated miRNA in UCEC, and there is a negative correlation between miR-765 and Proteolipid protein 2 (PLP2) in UCEC lesion. Estrogen significantly down-regulates miR-765 level, and facilitates the development of UCEC by estrogen receptor (ER) β. Mechanistically, this process is mediated through the miRNAs (e.g., miR-3584-5p, miR-7-5p, miR-150-5p, and miR-124-3p) cluster-controlled regulation of the PLP2, which further regulates Ki-67 and multiple epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related molecules (e.g, E-cadherin and Vimentin) in a Notch signaling pathway-dependent manner. Interestingly, the selective ER degrader Fulvestrant alleviates estrogen-mediated miR-765/PLP2 expression regulation and UCEC development in ERβ-dependent and -independent manners. Additionally, CD45RO - CD8 + T cell-derived exosomes release more miR-765 than that from CD45RO + CD8 + T cells. In therapeutic studies, these exosomes limit estrogen-driven disease development via regulation of the miR-765/PLP2 axis. Conclusions: This observation reveals novel molecular mechanisms underlying estrogen signaling and CD8 + T cell-released exosomes in UCEC development, and provides a potential therapeutic strategy for UCEC patients with aberrant ERβ/miR-765/PLP2/Notch signaling axis.

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Endometrial cancer: an overview of novelties in treatment and related imaging keypoints for local staging

Cited by 48 publications

References 57 publications

The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on 3-T MRI differentiates myometrial invasion depth and histological grade in patients with endometrial cancer

The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on 3-T MRI differentiates myometrial invasion depth and histological grade in patients with endometrial cancer

Expression Pattern of Leptin and Its Receptors in Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer

CD45RO^-CD8⁺ T cell-derived exosomes restrict estrogen-driven endometrial cancer development via the ERβ/miR-765/PLP2/Notch axis

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Endometrial cancer: an overview of novelties in treatment and related imaging keypoints for local staging

Cited by 48 publications

References 57 publications

The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on 3-T MRI differentiates myometrial invasion depth and histological grade in patients with endometrial cancer

The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on 3-T MRI differentiates myometrial invasion depth and histological grade in patients with endometrial cancer

Expression Pattern of Leptin and Its Receptors in Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer

CD45RO-CD8+ T cell-derived exosomes restrict estrogen-driven endometrial cancer development via the ERβ/miR-765/PLP2/Notch axis

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CD45RO^-CD8⁺ T cell-derived exosomes restrict estrogen-driven endometrial cancer development via the ERβ/miR-765/PLP2/Notch axis