Endometrial biomarkers for the non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis

Abstract

We could not statistically evaluate most of the biomarkers assessed in this review in a meaningful way. In view of the low quality of most of the included studies, the findings of this review should be interpreted with caution. Although PGP 9.5 met the criteria for a replacement test, it demonstrated considerable inter study heterogeneity in diagnostic estimates, the source of which could not be determined. Several endometrial biomarkers, such as endometrial proteome, 17βHSD2, IL-1R2, caldesmon and other neural markers (VIP, CGRP, SP, NPY and combination of VIP, PGP 9.5 and SP) showed promising evidence of diagnostic accuracy, but there was insufficient or poor quality evidence for any clinical recommendations. Laparoscopy remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of endometriosis, and using any non-invasive tests should only be undertaken in a research setting. We have also identified a number of biomarkers that demonstrated no diagnostic value for endometriosis. We recommend that researchers direct future studies towards biomarkers with high diagnostic potential in good quality diagnostic studies.

Peptidomic Analysis of Endometrial Tissue from Patients with Ovarian Endometriosis

“…Moreover, NOS3 has also been reported to be associated with advanced stage endometriosis in a Korean population [33, 34]. Previous studies have shown altered levels of the CALD1 gene (encoding the protein caldesmon) in endometriosis and that precursor protein of caldesmon is a possible predictor of endometrial dysregulation in patients with endometriosis [35, 36]. The IGSF21 gene is also implicated in the pathophysiology of endometriosis [37].…”

Paradigm Shift: The Realization of New Medical Alternatives to Surgery for Endometriosis

“…Concluding that higher exposure to dioxin xenoestrogen toxins are the original insult that produces endometriosis, the author proposes the following pathway to explain these described observations. The endometriosis first induces the presence of abnormal biomarkers, 54 including prostaglandins released by peritoneal endometriosis. Prostaglandins then irritate the uterosacral nerves, which causes the physiological obstruction at the cervix, followed by the retained menstrual debris; retrograde menstruation; and high-amplitude contraction, spasm, and pain.…”

Modern possibilities for the diagnosis of adenomyosis

“…К концу менстру-ального цикла только одна четверть каждого нового сокращения достигает дна матки, что обусловливает минимальную сократительную активность миометрия в ответ на имплантацию эмбриона. в настоящее время важно не только использование неинвазивных тестов, но и поиск новых маркеров как нгЭ, так и аденомиоза [5,36,48,49]. новые высокоэффективные малоинвазивные тесты, включающие визуализацию, генетические исследования, биомаркеры или микрорнК, могут стать основой для постановки диагноза без применения инвазивных методов диагностики заболевания.…”