Endogonaceous Mycorrhizal Endophytes in Florida

Nicolson, T. H.; Schenck, N. C.

doi:10.2307/3759231

Cited by 66 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…We compared the levels of GRSP produced by Glomus irregulare (previously classified as G. intraradices) (DAOM 197198, Stockinger et al 2009), G. mosseae (DAOM 221475, Dalpe´with GINCO Canada), and G. clarum (DAOM 234281, Nicolson and Schenck 1979), in association with corn (Zea mays L.). Additionally, we examined differences in the ability of corn, pea (Pisum sativum L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to support GRSP production by G. irregulare.…”

Section: Manipulating the Production Of Glomalin-related Soil Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation of rhizosphere organisms to enhance glomalin production and C sequestration: Pitfalls and promises

et al. 2014

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rhizosphere organisms to enhance glomalin production and C-sequestration: Pitfalls and promises. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1025Á1032. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) reportedly produce glomalin, a glycoprotein that has the potential to increase soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) storage. We hypothesized that interactions between rhizosphere microorganisms, such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), and AMF, would influence glomalin production. Our objectives were to determine the effects of AMF/PGPR interactions on plant growth and glomalin production in the rhizosphere of pea (Pisum sativum L.) with the goal of enhancing C and N storage in the rhizosphere. One component of the study focussed on the molecular characterization of glomalin and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) using complementary synchrotronbased N and C X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, pyrolysis field ionization mass spectrometry (Py-FIMS), and proteomics techniques to characterize specific organic C and N fractions associated with glomalin production. Our research ultimately led us to conclude that the proteinaceous material extracted, and characterized in the literature, as GRSP is not exclusively of AMF origin. Our research supports the established concept that GRSP is important to soil quality, and C and N storage, irrespective of origin. However, efforts to manipulate this important soil C pool will remain compromised until we more clearly elucidate the chemical nature and origin of this resource. . Manipulation des organismes de la rhizosphe`re en vue d'accroıˆtre la synthe`se de glomaline et la se´questration du C : e´cueils et promesses. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1025Á1032. Les mycorhizes a`arbuscules (MA), dit-on, produisent de la glomaline, glycoprote´ine susceptible d'augmenter le stockage du carbone (C) et de l'azote (N) dans le sol. Les auteurs sont partis de l'hypothe`se que les interactions des microorganismes de la rhizosphe`re comme les rhizobacte´ries qui acce´le`rent la croissance des plantes (RACP) et les MA pourraient agir sur la synthe`se de la glomaline. Leur but e´tait de pre´ciser les conse´quences des interactions MA/RACP sur la croissance des plantes et sur la production de glomaline dans la rhizosphe`re du pois (Pisum sativum L.) en vue de rehausser le stockage du C et du N dans la rhizosphe`re. Une partie de l'e´tude devait permettre la caracte´risation mole´culaire de la glomaline et des prote´ines du sol qui y sont apparente´es (PSAG). Les auteurs ont recouru a`des techniques comple´mentaires comme la spectroscopie de structure pre`s du front d'absorption des rayons X (XANES) du N et du C assiste´e par synchrotron, la spectrome´trie de masse par ionisation de champ avec pyrolyse (Py-FIMS) et la prote´omique pour caracte´riser les fractions spe´cifiques de C et de N associe´es a`la synthe`se de la glomaline. Ces recherches les ont amene´s a`conclure que le mate´riel prote´ine´extrait et de´crit dans la litte´rature comme e´tant des PSAG importe pour la qualite´du sol ainsi que pour le...

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Section: Manipulating the Production Of Glomalin-related Soil Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulation of rhizosphere organisms to enhance glomalin production and C sequestration: Pitfalls and promises

et al. 2014

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“…The family Gigasporaceae, unique among the Glomales, lacks intraradical vesicles (Nicolson & Schenck, 1979). Data sets for colonies without vesicles were analysed separately from those with vesicles.…”

Section: Characterization Of Am Fungal Morphotypes In Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Hyacinthoides non‐scripta I. Diversity of fungal taxa

1998

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The arbuscular mycorrhizas of bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta (L.) Chouard ex Rothm.) involve several symbiotic fungi of the order Glomales. We have previously simplified the system by ignoring the taxonomic diversity of the fungi, but it is unlikely that all fungal species contribute in the same manner or to the same extent to the functioning of the symbiosis. To discover how many and which fungi take part in the bluebell mycorrhiza we sought to identify the range of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi found in bluebell roots sampled during a complete growing season, September to June.Although the taxonomy of the Glomales by their spores is not yet fully understood, identification is, to a large extent, possible. Arbuscular mycorrhizal communities are usually characterized by their spores but, since spores can rarely be directly associated with individual plants or plant species, a more satisfactory approach would be to identify fungal symbionts where they interact with the host plant, in the roots. Unfortunately, the intraradical mycelia of the fungi are less easily distinguished than the spores and, as yet, classification is possible only to the family level.We have developed a method whereby different AM fungal taxa in the roots of bluebell can be distinguished by objective assessment. A large suite of morphological characteristics of the fungi in roots was recorded in samples taken at monthly intervals. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the resulting data separated six distinct AM fungal morphotypes (Scutellospora type, Acaulospora type, three Glomus types and fine endophytes) and a classification system created by which identification by eye was possible.We compared the fungi in roots with glomalean spores in soil from the root zone of the same bluebell plants. Two species occurred in most samples, Scutellospora dipurpurescens Morton & Koske (emend. Walker, 1993) and Acaulospora koskei Blaskowski. A further six occurred sporadically, five Acaulospora spp. and Glomus rubiforme Gerdemann & Trappe) Almeida & Schenck ( l Sclerocystis rubiformis). The presence of a single species of Scutellospora was consistent with a Scutellospora root morphotype which varied little. By contrast, the diversity of Acaulospora in the spore assemblage was reflected by variation within the Acaulospora morphotype. Glomus spores were very rarely found in field collections, yet Glomus morphotypes were found to be an important component of the bluebell mycorrhiza.Because some important species are not represented in spore assemblages in the field and those that are found can only be associated with vegetational groups, not individual plants or single species, glomalean spore populations provide only a partial account of the fungi which contribute to arbuscular mycorrhizas. Although it is still not possible to identify AM fungi in roots with the same precision as their spores, the method reported here permits assessment of diversity in the roots of individual plant species, which may be applied to the investigation of mycorrhi...

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“…The AMF used was Rhizophagus clarus (formerly Glomus clarum) MUCL46238, supplied by Glomeromycota in vitro collection (http:// www.mbla.ucl.ac.be/ginco-bel; Nicholson & Schenck, 1979). For spore production, spores were placed close to actively growing transformed Cichorium intybus A4NH roots (Fontaine, Grandmougin-Ferjani, Glorian, & Durand, 2004) on Petri plates containing the modified Strullu-Romand medium, according to standard procedure (Declerck, Strullu, & Plenchette, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

Interdependency of efficient nodulation and arbuscular mycorrhization inPiptadenia gonoacantha,a Brazilian legume tree

et al. 2017

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Tripartite interactions between legumes and their root symbionts (rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF) are poorly understood, although it is well established that only specific combinations of symbionts lead to optimal plant growth. A classic example in which to investigate such interactions is the Brazilian legume tree Piptadenia gonoacantha (Caesalpinioideae), for which efficient nodulation has been described as dependent on the presence of AMF symbiosis. In this study, we compared the nodulation behaviour of several rhizobial strains with or without AMF inoculation, and performed analyses on nodulation, nodule cytology, N-fixing efficiency, and plant growth response. Nodulation of P. gonoacantha does not rely on the presence of AMF, but mycorrhization was rhizobial strain-dependent, and nodule effectiveness and plant growth were dependent on the presence of specific combinations of rhizobial strains and AMF. The co-occurrence of both symbionts within efficient nodules and the differentiation of bacteroids within nodule cells were also demonstrated. Novel close interactions and interdependency for the establishment and/or functioning of these symbioses were also revealed in Piptadenia, thanks to immunocytochemical analyses. These data are discussed in terms of the evolutionary position of the newly circumscribed mimosoid clade within the Caesalpinioid subfamily and its relative proximity to non-nodulated (but AMF-associated) basal subfamilies.

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Endogonaceous Mycorrhizal Endophytes in Florida

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

Manipulation of rhizosphere organisms to enhance glomalin production and C sequestration: Pitfalls and promises

Manipulation of rhizosphere organisms to enhance glomalin production and C sequestration: Pitfalls and promises

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Hyacinthoides non‐scripta I. Diversity of fungal taxa

Interdependency of efficient nodulation and arbuscular mycorrhization inPiptadenia gonoacantha,a Brazilian legume tree

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