Endogenous sex hormones and risk factors for atherosclerosis in healthy Greek postmenopausal women

Lambrinoudaki, Ιrene; Christodoulakos, George; Rizos, Demetrios; Economou, Emmanuel; Argeitis, John; Vlachou, Sofia; Creatsa, Maria; Kouskouni, Evangelia; Botsis, D.

doi:10.1530/eje.1.02167

Cited by 84 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Yasui et al 60 found that associations of SHBG with HDL-C and triglycerides were no longer significant after controlling for BMI. In another study, a similar lack of independence was observed for the association with HDL-C. 64 Conversely, in several studies associations between SHBG and triglycerides 5,6,55,64 and HDL-C 5,17 persisted after adjustment for BMI or WHR. In the study of Lambrinoudaki et al, 5 associations of TT and FT with triglycerides and HDL-C were not explained by BMI.…”

Section: Lipid Profilementioning

confidence: 70%

“…Some of these studies, however, may have been limited by a small sample size and lack of control for confounders. Lambrinoudaki et al 5 observed an independent association between TT and insulin resistance in a large study of 598 postmenopausal women. Similarly, another study including a large number of incident diabetes cases showed a significant association between TT and type 2 diabetes after multivariable adjustment.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diseasementioning

confidence: 97%

“…The relationship between androgenicity and blood pressure has been studied less frequently and with less consistent results ( Table 1). Two studies 5,43 failed to show an association between testosterone and blood pressure. In contrast, Haffner et al 17 found a positive association of TT with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 However, throughout the years, several observations have brought this theory into question. Studies examining associations between endogenous estrogen levels and CVD risk factors have yielded conflicting results [4][5][6] and available data on CVD events indicate a lack of association. 7,8 Furthermore, in contrast to other estrogen related diseases, the CVD rate does not show a sharp rise at time of menopause.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Several studies in postmenopausal women have also shown a positive correlation between testosterone and various CVD risk factors. 5,[15][16][17] These findings have raised questions regarding the safety of testosterone administration to postmenopausal women. 18 However, reverse associations between testosterone and markers of atherosclerosis have been reported as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testosterone, SHBG and cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women

Brand

Schouw

2010

Int J Impot Res

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects men and women differently with women having a lower incidence and later onset of disease. Research has recently refocused interest on the cardiovascular role of androgens. The purpose of this review is to summarize the evidence available on the association between testosterone and cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women. Published studies relating testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) to CVD and its risk factors were reviewed. Studies included in this review suggest that increased androgenicity, characterized by high testosterone and low SHBG levels, is associated with an adverse CVD risk factor profile in postmenopausal women. However, evidence for an association with cardiovascular events is lacking and it is uncertain whether the observed associations with endogenous testosterone have clinical implications regarding the use of postmenopausal testosterone therapy. Large-scale, longitudinal studies relating testosterone and SHBG levels to cardiovascular risk factors and endpoints are needed to determine the temporal relationship between androgenicity and cardiovascular risk and to ascertain the long-term efficacy and safety of testosterone therapy in postmenopausal women.

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Section: Lipid Profilementioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diseasementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Testosterone, SHBG and cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women

Brand

Schouw

2010

Int J Impot Res

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Influence of dietary fat on renal function, lipid profile, sex hormones, and electrolyte balance in rats

Abdel-Rahman

2010

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Evidence from animal and human studies indicates that abnormal lipid profile may contribute to renal disease progression. The effect of dietary fat level on renal function, electrolyte balance, cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and sex hormones was examined in 54 male and female adult rats. The rats were fed either low/high fat diet (3/20 g/100 g diet) for 12 weeks. In rats fed the high fat diet (HF), the kidney weight/ body weight ratio was significantly increased in comparison with low fat diet (LF). Rats fed the LF diet had significantly lower mean of feed intake and body weight gain percentage compared with both HF and control groups ( p<0.05). HF diets enhanced cholesterol and triacylglycerol significantly in male and female rats, and this increase was associated with a significant increase of testosterone and estradiol levels relative to controls. Uric acid, urea nitrogen and creatinine were increased significantly in HF diet groups for male and female rats. The results indicate that uric acid was increased 100% relative to the control group in male rats when switched to HF diets. In the female group uric acid was increased 35% relative to the control, and for urea nitrogen, 53.4 and 9.6% increase was observed for male and female rats, respectively. Lipid profile in the female group was better than male rats. Significant increase in sodium ions was detected in the serum of male and female rats fed (HF) high fat diets, and the opposite was noticed in potassium ions levels of male and female rats fed HF. Microscopically, examined kidneys of HF diet rats revealed two types of histopathological alterations in both sexes.

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