Endogenous mRNA Triggered DNA‐Au Nanomachine for In Situ Imaging and Targeted Multimodal Synergistic Cancer Therapy

Abstract

The development of versatile nanotheranostic platforms that integrate both diagnostic and therapeutic functions have always been an intractable challenge in precise cancer treatment. Herein, an aptamer‐tethered deoxyribonucleic acids‐gold particle (Apt‐DNA‐Au) nanomachine has been developed for in situ imaging and targeted multimodal synergistic therapy of mammary carcinoma. Upon specifically internalized into MCF‐7 cells, the tumor‐related TK1 mRNA activates the Apt‐DNA‐Au nanomachine by DNA strand displacement cascades, resulting in the release of the fluorophore and antisense DNA as well as the aggregation of AuNPs for in situ imaging, suppression of survivin expression and photothermal therapy, respectively. Meanwhile, the controlled released drugs are used for chemotherapy, while under the laser irradiation the loaded photosensitizer produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) for photodynamic therapy. The results confirm that the proposed Apt‐DNA‐Au nanomachine provides a powerful nanotheranostic platform for in situ imaging‐guided combinatorial anticancer therapy.

H2O2 Self-Supply and Glutathione Depletion Engineering Nanoassemblies for NIR-II Photoacoustic Imaging of Tumor Tissues and Photothermal-Enhanced Gas Starvation-Primed Chemodynamic Therapy

“…Recently, the increasing interest in novel medical applications of nanomaterials with special physicochemical properties has led to considerable research efforts to develop nanomaterials for application in multimodal nanomedicine strategies. For example, aptamertethered DNA-gold particles, 23 graphene-based materials, 24 and carbon-dot-Cu 2+ nanoassemblies 25 have been used to build platforms for multimodal combination therapy for cancer, and these nanoplatforms have shown promising results in cancer treatment. However, the development of novel nanostrategies to prepare multifunctional nanomaterials for nanoplatforms with higher therapeutic efficiency for multimodal combination therapy of tumors remains a current challenge.…”

α-Fe2O3@Au-PEG-Ce6-Gd Nanoparticles as Acidic H2O2-Driven Oxygenators for Multimodal Imaging and Synergistic Tumor Therapy

“…40,41 Chlorin e6 (Ce6) is a good fluorescent reagent that can also be used as a PDT reagent for FL imaging. 42 So far, there has been less integration of in situ chemodynamic therapy of tumors with other treatments. Considering the unique property of absorbing the 660 nm light with a high tissue penetration depth of Au NPs and Ce6 for PTT and PDT, we therefore successfully gave birth to a theranostic design, which integrates Fe 2 O 3 NPs with Au NPs using a single step, ordinary electrostatic attraction method.…”

“…Selective localization of synergistic therapy in tumors is also critical for an effective cancer treatment. The researchers have already explored many methods to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of selective localization in the course of treatment, such as magnetic targeting, molecular targeting, imaging-guidance, and so on. – In particular, the magnetic targeting, which can be achieved by the involvement of Gd NPs in the treatment platform, can not only get the physical position of drugs but also realize the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided therapy effect simultaneously. – Notably, another advantage of magnetic targeting over molecular targeting methods is no dependency on the specific receptor expression (such as the receptor expression variation in normal tissues or the patient-to-patient differentiation). – Fluorescence (FL) imaging is a good imaging method that not only reflects the location and size of the tumor but also monitors the flow of the entire NPs in the blood of the mice. , Chlorin e6 (Ce6) is a good fluorescent reagent that can also be used as a PDT reagent for FL imaging …”

Multifunctional Bi NSs@BSA Nanoplatform Guided by CT Imaging for Effective Photothermal Therapy

“…Due to the characteristics of PTT agents, the combination of nanomaterials and PTT has become an important manner to improve the killing effect of tumors. Currently, PTT agents with good photothermal properties, such as Au-, − Ag-, , MoS 2 -, , and CuS-based − novel metal nanoparticles, have been widely studied. However, the high price of precious metal materials could further inhibit their application in PTT for tumors.…”